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Mumps virus F gene and HN gene sequencing as a molecular tool to study mumps virus transmission

Sigrid Gouma1, Jeroen Cremer2, Saara Parkkali3

  • 1Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases
|September 4, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Genomic sequencing of mumps virus, using multiple genes, improved tracking of outbreaks in the Netherlands. This enhanced resolution identified distinct viral clusters and transmission routes, even in vaccinated populations.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Genomic epidemiology

Background:

  • Mumps outbreaks have persisted in the Netherlands since 2004, notably affecting individuals with two doses of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine.
  • Established mumps virus genotyping using only the small hydrophobic (SH) gene lacked sufficient resolution for detailed outbreak tracking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To enhance the resolution of mumps virus genotyping for improved outbreak investigation.
  • To combine molecular data from multiple viral genes to better understand mumps virus transmission dynamics in the Netherlands.

Main Methods:

  • Sequencing of the small hydrophobic (SH), fusion (F), and haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) genes from 109 mumps virus genotype G strains collected between 2004 and mid-2015.
  • Combined analysis of molecular data from the three genes to identify distinct viral clusters.
  • Integration of epidemiological data with sequence data for phylogenetic analysis.

Main Results:

  • Combining SH, F, and HN gene sequences provided significantly higher resolution for mumps virus genotyping.
  • The enhanced molecular data enabled the identification of separate mumps virus clusters and the tracking of transmission.
  • Analyses indicated multiple introductions of mumps virus into the Netherlands between 2004 and 2015, leading to recurrent outbreaks.
  • Some local outbreaks suggested endemic circulation, supported by molecular data.

Conclusions:

  • Multi-gene sequencing offers superior resolution for tracking mumps virus outbreaks compared to single-gene methods.
  • The study successfully delineated mumps virus transmission pathways and introductions in the Netherlands.
  • Combined epidemiological and enhanced genomic data provide robust support for phylogenetic clustering and outbreak analysis.
Keywords:
Fusion geneHaemagglutinin-neuraminidase geneMolecular epidemiologyMumps genotype G outbreakMumps virusSmall hydrophobic gene

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