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Catenins01:23

Catenins

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Catenins are characterized by multiple binding domains and dynamic structures that allow them to function as linker proteins in cell junction complexes. All catenins, except α-catenin, contain a characteristic protein sequence called the armadillo repeat and are therefore also called armadillo proteins.
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The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which...
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Cadherins in Tissue Organization01:19

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The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
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Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways01:41

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Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
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The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
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Reconstitution Of &#946;-catenin Degradation In Xenopus Egg Extract
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Beta-catenin in disease.

Sharada Prakash1, Uma Swaminathan1, B R Nagamalini1

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, AECS Maaruti College of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology : JOMFP
|September 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This review examines beta-catenin

Area of Science:

  • Oral pathology and oncology
  • Molecular biology
  • Cancer research

Background:

  • The protein beta-catenin plays a crucial role in cell adhesion and signaling pathways.
  • Dysregulation of beta-catenin is implicated in various cancers.
  • Understanding its role in oral lesions is vital for diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the involvement of beta-catenin in the pathogenesis of oral potentially malignant disorders.
  • To explore the progression of these disorders to oral squamous cell carcinoma.
  • To investigate the role of beta-catenin in salivary gland tumors and odontogenic tumors.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed.
  • All relevant studies on beta-catenin in oral lesions were included.
Keywords:
Adenomatous polyposis coliCTNNB1E-CadherinPLGA 1Pin1secreted frizzled-related proteins

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  • The review synthesizes findings from existing research.

    • Main Results:

    • Beta-catenin alterations are frequently observed in oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma.
    • Specific patterns of beta-catenin expression correlate with tumor progression and aggressiveness.
    • The protein is also implicated in the development of certain salivary gland and odontogenic tumors.

    Conclusions:

    • Beta-catenin is a significant factor in the pathogenesis of diverse oral and maxillofacial region lesions.
    • Targeting beta-catenin pathways may offer therapeutic strategies for oral cancers.
    • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate its complex role.