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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Eye Tracking During Visually Situated Language Comprehension: Flexibility and Limitations in Uncovering Visual Context Effects

Published on: November 30, 2018

Experience-Based Probabilities Modulate Expectations in a Gender-Coded Artificial Language.

Anton Öttl¹, Dawn M Behne¹

¹Speech Lab, Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim, Norway.

Frontiers in Psychology

|September 8, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Participants rapidly learn word-referent associations, with prior exposure shaping expectations. Experience-based language learning influences early processing, impacting how we understand spoken words and visual cues.

Keywords:

artificial language experience-based probabilities frequencies of exposure gender representations mental representation visual world eyetracking

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Published on: May 9, 2019

Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Psycholinguistics
Language Acquisition

Background:

Understanding how humans acquire word-referent associations is crucial for psycholinguistics.
Investigating the role of experience in forming mental representations of language is key.
Morphologically complex words present unique challenges and insights into language processing.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine the acquisition of associations between spoken pseudowords and visual referents.
To investigate how experience-based probabilities influence the formation of gendered word representations.
To determine if induced expectations affect online lexical processing and referent recognition.

Main Methods:

Employed artificial language learning paradigms with novel, morphologically complex pseudowords.
Utilized visual world eyetracking to monitor participants' real-time processing of referents.
Manipulated exposure frequency to pseudowords and their referents to induce gender expectations.

Main Results:

Participants showed faster recognition of referents when gender cues matched induced expectations.
Experience-based probabilities significantly influenced the formation of word-referent representations.
Eyetracking data confirmed that induced expectations impacted online lexical processing.

Conclusions:

Experience-based information is readily accessible during early stages of language processing.
Language comprehension involves the activation of perceptual memory traces influenced by prior experience.
This study provides evidence for the dynamic interplay between statistical learning and representation formation in language acquisition.