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Nonequilibrium Dynamics and Phase Transitions in Holographic Models
Romuald A Janik1, Jakub Jankowski1, Hesam Soltanpanahi1
1Institute of Physics, Jagiellonian University, Lojasiewicza 11, 30-348 Kraków, Poland.
Physical Review Letters
|September 10, 2016
Summary
Strongly coupled field theories near phase transitions exhibit breakdowns in hydrodynamic descriptions. A novel diffusive sound mode regime appears, with implications for understanding complex quantum systems.
Area of Science:
- * Condensed matter physics
- * Quantum field theory
- * Gravitational physics
Background:
- * Explores retarded Green's functions in strongly coupled field theories.
- * Investigates theories with phase structures ranging from crossover to first-order transitions.
- * Utilizes a dual gravitational description (holography) for these theories.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To analyze the poles of retarded Green's functions in strongly coupled field theories.
- * To understand the breakdown of hydrodynamic descriptions near phase transitions.
- * To identify novel phenomena like spinodal regions and diffusive sound modes.
Main Methods:
- * Studying the poles of retarded Green's functions.
- * Analyzing quasinormal modes of dual black hole backgrounds.
- * Examining the behavior of hydrodynamic descriptions at low momenta.
- * Identifying the spinodal region and unstable modes near first-order phase transitions.
Main Results:
- * Hydrodynamic description applicability breaks down at lower momenta near transitions compared to conformal cases.
- * Spinodal region observed in first-order phase transitions where the speed of sound squared is negative.
- * Estimation of the preferential scale of unstable modes.
- * Observation of a novel diffusive regime for sound modes across various wavelengths.
Conclusions:
- * The study reveals limitations of hydrodynamic descriptions in strongly coupled systems near phase transitions.
- * It highlights the emergence of new transport regimes, including a diffusive sound mode.
- * Findings provide insights into the non-equilibrium dynamics and critical behavior of quantum field theories.
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