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Emergent Nonthermal Fluid from Jets in the Massive Schwinger Model Using Tensor Networks.

Romuald A Janik1, Maciej A Nowak1, Marek M Rams1

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In the massive Schwinger model, researchers found that quantum dynamics create a near-perfect fluid from two high-energy jets. This fluid exhibits a universal energy-pressure relationship, relevant for particle collider experiments.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Field Theory
  • High-Energy Physics
  • Condensed Matter Theory

Background:

  • The Schwinger model describes quantum electrodynamics in (1+1) dimensions, providing a simplified framework for studying complex quantum phenomena.
  • Understanding the behavior of energetic particle systems, such as jets, is crucial for interpreting data from high-energy particle colliders.
  • The interplay between energy, momentum, and entanglement in quantum systems is a key area of theoretical investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the correlation between energy, momentum, and spatial entanglement generated by two luminal jets in the massive Schwinger model.
  • To investigate the emergence of effective fluid behavior in a quantum system under specific coupling conditions.
  • To explore the role of quantum dynamics and entanglement entropy in the evolution of energy and pressure.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized tensor network methods to model the quantum system.
  • Analyzed the massive Schwinger model with two luminal jets.
  • Focused on the regime where m/g > 1/π, near the strong-to-weak coupling transition.

Main Results:

  • Observed the emergence of a nearly perfect, chargeless effective fluid behavior in the midrapidity region.
  • Identified a universal energy-pressure relationship characterizing this fluid.
  • Demonstrated a strong correlation between the evolution of energy, pressure, and the rise of spatial entanglement entropy.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum dynamics and spatial entanglement play a critical role in the formation and behavior of the effective fluid.
  • The observed phenomena offer potential insights into high-multiplicity jet fragmentation events at particle colliders.
  • Findings may inform the analysis of energy-energy and energy-charge correlators in current collider experiments.