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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

On-Chip Crystallization and Large-Scale Serial Diffraction at Room Temperature
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Crystallization of Self-Propelled Hard Discs.

G Briand1, O Dauchot1

  • 1EC2M, UMR Gulliver 7083 CNRS, ESPCI ParisTech, PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France.

Physical Review Letters
|September 10, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vibrated discs with polar asymmetry form a dynamic "self-melting" crystal, unlike isotropic discs. This active crystal exhibits intermittent cluster formation and melting, persisting to high densities.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Active Matter Systems
  • Crystallization Dynamics

Background:

  • Vibrated granular systems serve as models for phase transitions.
  • Isotropic discs exhibit quasicontinuous crystallization with increasing packing fraction.
  • Active matter introduces self-propulsion, altering equilibrium dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the crystallization of vibrated discs with polar asymmetry.
  • To contrast the crystallization behavior of active discs with passive isotropic discs.
  • To characterize the dynamics and phase transitions in this active liquid-crystal model.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental study of a 2D monolayer of vibrated discs with built-in polar asymmetry.
  • Systematic variation of packing fraction (ϕ) to observe phase transitions.
  • Analysis of cluster formation, dynamics, and size distribution.

Main Results:

  • Polar asymmetric discs transition to a 'self-melting' crystal, differing from isotropic disc crystallization.
  • Highly intermittent and heterogeneous dynamics observed, with spontaneous cluster formation, melting, splitting, and merging.
  • Cluster size distribution transitions from monotonic to non-monotonic at a critical packing fraction (ϕ*), exhibiting power-law behavior at the transition.

Conclusions:

  • The 'self-melting' crystalline state in active discs is characterized by dynamic clusters and liquid-like droplet propagation.
  • This active crystal remains dynamically active, never reaching a fully arrested state.
  • The stability of the crystal phase for active discs is questioned, suggesting stability only at ordered close packing.