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Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) in Type 1 Diabetes Pathogenesis
Sherman S Leung1,2, Josephine M Forbes3,4, Danielle J Borg1
1Glycation and Diabetes, Mater Research Institute, Translational Research Institute, The University of Queensland, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Abstract:
The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a novel protein increasingly studied in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D). RAGE is expressed by several immune cell types, including T cells, antigen-presenting cells, endothelial cells, and the endocrine cells of the pancreatic islets. RAGE binds various ligands including advanced glycation end products (AGEs), high-mobility group box protein 1 (HMGB1), S100 proteins, β-amyloid, β-sheet fibrils, and lipopolysaccharide. AGEs are a particularly interesting ligand because their exogenous introduction into the body can be accelerated by the consumption of AGE-rich processed foods. This review will detail RAGE isoforms and its ligands and discuss how RAGE binding on the aforementioned cells could be linked to T1D pathogenesis.
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