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H-theorem in quantum physics.

G B Lesovik1,2, A V Lebedev2, I A Sadovskyy3

  • 1L.D. Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics RAS, Akad. Semenova av., 1-A, Chernogolovka, 142432, Moscow Region, Russia.

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|September 13, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantum information theory provides entropy gain conditions for data processing. This study connects these to real systems, exploring thermodynamic laws and entropy evolution in quantum physics.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Theory
  • Quantum Thermodynamics
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Quantum information theory (QIT) has established mathematical conditions for non-negative entropy gain in quantum channels.
  • The connection between these theoretical entropy gain formulations and the temporal evolution of real quantum physical systems remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To formulate the quantum H-theorem using physical observables, bridging QIT and real quantum system dynamics.
  • To investigate the second law of thermodynamics within quantum physics and identify potential violations.
  • To analyze the entropy evolution in energy-isolated quantum systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing the mathematical formalism of quantum information theory.
  • Translating abstract QIT concepts into measurable physical observables.
  • Analyzing the temporal evolution of quantum states in isolated systems.

Main Results:

  • The quantum H-theorem is formulated in terms of physical observables.
  • Special conditions under which the second law of thermodynamics can be violated in quantum systems are identified.
  • It is demonstrated that energy-isolated quantum systems typically evolve with non-diminishing entropy.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a framework to connect quantum information theory with the thermodynamics of real quantum systems.
  • Understanding entropy evolution in quantum systems is crucial for quantum thermodynamics and statistical mechanics.
  • The findings offer new insights into the applicability and limitations of the second law of thermodynamics in the quantum realm.