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Pseudopyronine B: A Potent Antimicrobial and Anticancer Molecule Isolated from a Pseudomonas mosselii
S Nishanth Kumar1, S R Aravind2, Jubi Jacob1
1Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology - Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Thiruvananthapuram, India.
Frontiers in Microbiology
|September 13, 2016
Summary
A novel compound, Pseudopyronine B, was isolated from soil bacteria Pseudomonas mosselii. This compound shows significant antimicrobial and anticancer activity, offering potential for new drug development.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Natural Product Chemistry
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Soil microbes are a rich source of novel bioactive compounds.
- The search for new antimicrobial and anticancer agents is ongoing.
- Pseudomonas species are known producers of diverse secondary metabolites.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and identify bioactive secondary metabolites from a soil Pseudomonas strain.
- To evaluate the antimicrobial and anticancer potential of the isolated compound.
- To elucidate the mechanism of action for its anticancer effects.
Main Methods:
- Isolation and purification of bioactive metabolites using column chromatography.
- Identification of the compound using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and High-Resolution Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS).
- Antimicrobial activity testing against bacteria and fungi.
- Anticancer activity evaluation using MTT assay, apoptosis assays (Acridine orange/ethidium bromide, Hoechst staining, Annexin V flow cytometry), cell cycle analysis, and caspase 3 activity assays.
- Immunomodulatory activity assessment by lymphocyte proliferation assay.
Main Results:
- A novel compound, Pseudopyronine B, was isolated and identified from Pseudomonas mosselii.
- Pseudopyronine B exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi.
- The compound demonstrated potent dose- and time-dependent antitumor activity against non-small cell lung cancer (A549) and mouse melanoma (B16F10) cell lines.
- Pseudopyronine B induced apoptosis in cancer cells via G2/M cell cycle arrest and caspase 3 activation.
- Immunomodulatory effects were observed, with enhanced lymphocyte proliferation.
Conclusions:
- Pseudomonas mosselii is a source of the novel bioactive compound Pseudopyronine B.
- Pseudopyronine B possesses significant antimicrobial and anticancer properties.
- This compound represents a promising candidate for the development of new pharmaceutical agents.
