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Related Concept Videos

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions

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Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
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Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

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Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum...
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Myocarditis III: Medical Management01:14

Myocarditis III: Medical Management

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Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
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Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

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Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
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Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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Tonsillitis I: Introduction01:30

Tonsillitis I: Introduction

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Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, which are two lymphoid tissue masses at the back of the throat. This condition can cause discomfort and irritation in the throat.
Etiology
Three primary contributing factors have been identified.
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Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Separation of Immune Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood Samples from Children with Infectious Mononucleosis
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Separation of Immune Cell Subpopulations in Peripheral Blood Samples from Children with Infectious Mononucleosis

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Antibiotic-Induced Rash in Patients With Infectious Mononucleosis.

Dennis F Thompson1, Carroll L Ramos1

  • 11 Southwestern Oklahoma State University, Weatherford, OK, USA.

The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
|September 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Antibiotic-induced skin rash in infectious mononucleosis (IM) may be less common than previously thought. This review suggests a reassessment of incidence rates and highlights a virus-mediated immune alteration as the likely cause.

Keywords:
adverse drug reactionsantibioticsinfectious diseaseviral infectionsβ-lactams

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Antibiotic-induced skin rash is a known adverse effect.
  • Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is a common viral illness.
  • The co-occurrence of IM and antibiotic use has been associated with a high incidence of skin rash.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review case reports, epidemiological data, and mechanisms of antibiotic-induced skin rash in patients with IM.
  • To evaluate the actual incidence of this adverse drug reaction.
  • To understand the underlying pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a comprehensive literature search of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases (1946-2016).
  • Included English-language primary literature, reviews, and mechanistic articles.
  • Assessed causality of case reports using a modified Naranjo nomogram and analyzed epidemiological data for incidence trends.

Main Results:

  • Identified 17 case reports of antibiotic-associated rash in IM patients, with a median Naranjo score of 6.
  • Ampicillin, azithromycin, and amoxicillin were the most frequently reported drugs.
  • Incidence of rash appears to have decreased over time, contrary to previous beliefs.

Conclusions:

  • The widely accepted high incidence (80%-100%) of antibiotic-induced rash in IM patients warrants reassessment.
  • A transient virus-mediated immune alteration leading to hypersensitivity is the proposed mechanism.
  • Further studies are needed to accurately determine the incidence and clarify the mechanism.