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Related Concept Videos

Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
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Types of Fluids01:27

Types of Fluids

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Fluids can be classified into Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids based on their response to shear stress. Newtonian fluids have a linear relationship between shear stress and the shear strain rate, following Newton's law of viscosity. Their viscosity remains constant regardless of the shear rate, making their behavior predictable and easier to analyze. Common examples include water, air, oil, and gasoline.
In contrast, non-Newtonian fluids do not follow Newton's law of viscosity, and...
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Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving01:18

Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving

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Newtonian fluids exhibit a constant viscosity, meaning their shear stress and shear strain rate are directly proportional. This property ensures a predictable and stable response to applied forces, maintaining a linear relationship between force and flow. Examples include water, air, and light oils, consistently demonstrating this proportional behavior regardless of external conditions.
A velocity gradient forms within the fluid when a Newtonian fluid is placed between two parallel plates, with...
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Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts01:15

Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts

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In analyzing a thin-walled hollow shaft subjected to torsional loading, a segment with width dx is isolated for examination. Despite its equilibrium state, this segment faces torsional shearing forces at its ends. These forces are quantitatively described by the product of the longitudinal shearing stress on the segment's minor surface and the area of this surface, leading to the concept of shear flow. This shear flow is consistent throughout the structure, indicating a uniform distribution of...
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Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Colloids03:22

Colloids

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Experimental Measurement of Settling Velocity of Spherical Particles in Unconfined and Confined Surfactant-based Shear Thinning Viscoelastic Fluids
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Experimental Measurement of Settling Velocity of Spherical Particles in Unconfined and Confined Surfactant-based Shear Thinning Viscoelastic Fluids

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Tunable shear thickening in suspensions.

Neil Y C Lin1, Christopher Ness2, Michael E Cates3

  • 1Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853; yl834@cornell.edu.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|September 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists can now control shear thickening in suspensions. Applying a secondary shear flow reduces viscosity on demand, enabling tunable material properties for various applications.

Keywords:
colloidal suspensionsflow controlrheologyshear thickening

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Area of Science:

  • Rheology and material science
  • Suspension dynamics

Background:

  • Shear thickening, an increase in viscosity with shear rate, is common in suspensions.
  • Current methods to control shear thickening are empirical and lack in-situ tunability.
  • Controlling suspension viscosity is crucial for technological applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate methods for controlling shear thickening in real-time.
  • To demonstrate the possibility of tuning suspension viscosity during shear flow.

Main Methods:

  • Imposing a high-frequency, low-amplitude orthogonal shear perturbation to the primary flow.
  • Agitating the sample transversely to the primary shear direction.

Main Results:

  • Orthogonal shear perturbation significantly reduces or eradicates shear thickening.
  • Viscosity reduction of up to two orders of magnitude was achieved.
  • Transverse agitation demonstrated similar viscosity control effects.

Conclusions:

  • In-situ manipulation of shear thickening is achievable.
  • This provides a new route for developing smart materials with tunable mechanical properties.