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Implant osseointegration in irradiated bone: an experimental study
R P Ocaña1, G D Rabelo1, L M Sassi2
1Department of Stomatology, AC Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil.
Journal of Periodontal Research
|September 15, 2016
Summary
Radiotherapy negatively impacts dental implant osseointegration, reducing bone-implant contact and bone volume. However, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) acts as a beneficial adjuvant therapy in irradiated bone.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Biomaterials Science
- Radiology
Background:
- Radiotherapy can compromise osseointegration of orthopedic implants.
- Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is explored for its regenerative potential in bone healing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of radiotherapy on dental implant osseointegration in rabbit tibias.
- To assess the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as an adjuvant therapy in irradiated bone.
Main Methods:
- Seventy-two dental implants were placed in the tibial epiphyses of 18 rabbits.
- Animals were divided into control (no radiotherapy), radiotherapy-only, and radiotherapy with PRP groups.
- Implant success rate, bone-implant contact (BIC), and bone volume were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Radiotherapy significantly reduced bone-implant contact and bone volume compared to controls.
- The radiotherapy-only group showed lower mineralized BIC and bone volume than the PRP-adjuvant group.
- Implant failure rates were low across irradiated groups, with one less failure in the PRP group.
Conclusions:
- Radiotherapy impairs osseointegration, but PRP demonstrates a positive adjuvant effect.
- PRP may mitigate some negative effects of radiotherapy on implant bone healing.
- Low implant failure rates suggest potential for successful osseointegration even after radiotherapy with adjuvant therapy.
