Expanded Programme on Immunization in Thailand

In 1976, despite a 20-year immunization program, vaccine-preventable diseases (other than smallpox) remained important causes of morbidity and mortality in Thailand. Three major problems were identified: a lack of proper target age groups, inadequate vaccination coverage, and a defective cold chain. The National Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI), focusing on diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, poliomyelitis, measles, and tuberculosis, was initiated on a nationwide basis in 1977. Data indicate that the program has reduced morbidity and mortality from most vaccine-preventable diseases in Thailand. The goal of the EPI is to have every eligible child fully immunized with efficacious vaccines by 1990. Strategies have been developed and are being used by the "accelerated EPI" to achieve this goal.