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Related Concept Videos

Protein Complex Assembly02:41

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Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types.  Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
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Cytoskeletal filaments are polymeric forms of smaller protein subunits. However, individual cytoskeletal filaments may easily disassemble or associate with other similar filaments to form rigid structures. Microfilaments, made of actin monomers, rely on actin-binding proteins to form bundles and create networks of individual actin filaments. Microtubules rely on microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) to form sturdy cylindrical structures. However, the proteins involved in forming complex...
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Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular architecture, tracks for intracellular transport, positioning of organelles, assembly of cilia and flagella. They mediate the bipolar spindle assembly for chromosomal segregation and positioning of the cell division plate in dividing cells. The formation of microtubule complex structures depends on the cell type, cell stage, and cell function.
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While Mendel’s Law of Segregation states that the two alleles for one gene are separated into different gametes, a different question of how different genes are inherited remains. For example, is the gene for tall plants inherited with the gene for green peas? Mendel asked this question by experimenting with a dihybrid cross; a cross in which both parents are homozygous for two distinct traits resulting in an F1 generation that are heterozygous for both traits.
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Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
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Noncovalent attractions are associations within and between molecules that influence the shape and structural stability of complexes. These interactions differ from covalent bonding in that they do not involve sharing of electrons.
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Updated: Mar 15, 2026

Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly
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Nondeterministic self-assembly with asymmetric interactions.

S Tesoro1, K Göpfrich1, T Kartanas1

  • 1Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, CB3 0HE Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Physical Review. E
|September 15, 2016
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Asymmetric interactions in self-assembly limit cluster growth and allow size tuning. This discovery has implications for bioengineering and understanding protein aggregation diseases.

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 15, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Computational Biology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Nondeterministic self-assembly is crucial for creating complex structures.
  • Understanding the role of interaction symmetry is key to controlling self-assembly outcomes.
  • Asymmetric interactions are less explored but may offer unique control mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the general properties of nondeterministic self-assembly with asymmetric interactions.
  • To explore how asymmetric interactions influence cluster growth and size control.
  • To demonstrate the potential applications of asymmetric interactions in bioengineering and disease research.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a computational model to simulate self-assembly processes.
  • Conducted DNA tile assembly experiments to validate computational findings.
  • Contrasted the behavior of symmetric and asymmetric interaction models.

Main Results:

  • Asymmetric interactions were shown to lead to self-limiting cluster growth.
  • The final sizes of self-assembled clusters could be tuned by adjusting particle abundance in a two-particle mixture.
  • Demonstrated that size tuning is a fundamental property of asymmetric interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Asymmetric interactions provide a novel mechanism for controlling self-assembly.
  • Findings have potential applications in designing self-limiting nanostructures for bioengineering.
  • The study offers insights into the pathological mechanisms of diseases involving protein aggregation.