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Cell wall dynamics during apple development and storage involves hemicellulose modifications and related expressed
Emmanuelle Dheilly1,2, Sophie Le Gall1, Marie-Charlotte Guillou2
1INRA UR 1268 Biopolymères, Interactions, Assemblages, F-44316, Nantes, France.
BMC Plant Biology
|September 16, 2016
Summary
Apple fruit texture is shaped by cell wall changes during development. Key enzymes involved in hemicellulose modification, like β-galactosidase, show significant expression early on, suggesting crucial roles in fruit texture development.
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Fruit quality is determined by biochemical processes affecting appearance, flavor, and texture.
- Cell wall polysaccharide remodeling is critical for fleshy fruit texture development.
- The coordinated action of genes and enzymes in cell wall modification remains largely unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify enzymes and gene families involved in cell wall polysaccharide changes during apple fruit development and ripening.
- To understand the coordinated activity of these genes in relation to fruit texture.
- To investigate the role of specific enzymes in hemicellulose and pectin metabolism.
Main Methods:
- Combined transcriptomic and biochemical analyses of apple fruit.
- Gene expression profiling of cell wall-related enzymes.
- Analysis of cell wall polysaccharide composition and structure.
Main Results:
- Identified putative enzymes and gene families involved in cell wall polysaccharide changes during apple fruit development and ripening.
- Early fruit development showed enrichment of genes related to cell wall biosynthesis and degradation, particularly targeting hemicelluloses.
- Structural changes in galactoglucomannan correlated with the expression of mannan synthase, glucanase (GH9), and β-galactosidase genes.
Conclusions:
- Hemicelluloses undergo significant structural alterations during early apple fruit development.
- The function of numerous early-expressed β-galactosidase genes in relation to galactosylated structures needs further investigation.
- Potential roles of peroxidases and transporters in cell wall metabolism offer new avenues for research into fruit development and storage.
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