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Blood Flow Restricted Exercise Compared to High Load Resistance Exercise During Unloading.

Kyle J Hackney1, Meghan E Downs, Lori Ploutz-Snyder

  • 1Wyle Science, Technology, and Engineering Group, Houston, TX, USA.

Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance
|September 17, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High load (HL) resistance training and blood flow restricted (BFR) exercise both improved muscle in weight-bearing legs during unloading. However, only HL exercise maintained muscle in non-weight-bearing legs, suggesting BFR is an adjunct, not primary, countermeasure for spaceflight.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise physiology
  • Space medicine
  • Musculoskeletal adaptations

Background:

  • High load (HL) resistance training mitigates muscle loss during unloading.
  • Blood flow restricted (BFR) exercise offers a potential alternative for individuals unable to perform HL exercise.
  • Unilateral lower limb suspension (ULLS) is a model for studying exercise during limb unloading.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate muscular training adaptations to HL and BFR resistance training during ULLS.
  • To compare the effectiveness of HL and BFR exercise in both weight-bearing and non-weight-bearing legs.

Main Methods:

  • 13 participants underwent 25 days of ULLS.
  • Participants were counterbalanced into HL (N=6) or BFR (N=7) training groups.
  • Both groups performed unilateral leg press and heel raise exercises three times per week.

Main Results:

  • In weight-bearing legs, both HL and BFR increased knee extensor muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and strength.
  • In non-weight-bearing legs, knee extensor CSA and strength increased with HL but decreased with BFR.
  • HL exercise was superior to BFR in preserving muscle function in the non-weight-bearing limb.

Conclusions:

  • Both HL and BFR resistance exercise effectively improved the weight-bearing leg.
  • BFR exercise was less effective than HL resistance exercise for the non-weight-bearing leg.
  • BFR exercise should be considered an adjunct, not a primary, countermeasure for muscle preservation during unloading in space missions.