Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison02:57

The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison

56.4K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
56.4K
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification03:00

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

5.9K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
5.9K
Self-Schemas02:16

Self-Schemas

36.5K
In general, a schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
36.5K
Understanding the Self01:28

Understanding the Self

387
The self is a central aspect of human identity, encompassing an individual’s beliefs, emotions, perceptions, and experiences. It is a cognitive and psychological construct that enables individuals to interpret their traits and behaviors, influencing how they perceive themselves and interact with the world. While personality consists of stable and enduring characteristics, the self is shaped by self-perception and social experiences. This distinction highlights the dynamic nature of the...
387
Self-Discrepancy Theory02:45

Self-Discrepancy Theory

19.0K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.  
19.0K
Self-Concept01:19

Self-Concept

1.9K
Self-concept is the cognitive and emotional understanding individuals hold about their identity. It evolves through various developmental stages, beginning in infancy and maturing as children grow. This concept influences how individuals perceive their abilities, interact with others, and manage challenges throughout life.
Infancy and Emerging Recognition
During infancy, self-concept is virtually nonexistent. Babies do not distinguish themselves as separate entities and often mistake their...
1.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The molecular pathobiology of metastasis to the brain: a review.

Neurosurgery clinics of North America·2010
Same author

Death is just not what it used to be.

Cambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics : CQ : the international journal of healthcare ethics committees·2009
Same journal

Sentience. Not Necessarily a Problem?

Cambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics : CQ : the international journal of healthcare ethics committees·2026
Same journal

No Need to Feel.

Cambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics : CQ : the international journal of healthcare ethics committees·2026
Same journal

The One Health Paradigm and Wild Animal Welfare Science.

Cambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics : CQ : the international journal of healthcare ethics committees·2026
Same journal

From Mollusks to Machines: An Ethical Framework Focused on the Urgency of Extreme Suffering.

Cambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics : CQ : the international journal of healthcare ethics committees·2026
Same journal

Sentience and Why It Matters.

Cambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics : CQ : the international journal of healthcare ethics committees·2026
Same journal

The Wrong Motives for Potentially Harming a Being.

Cambridge quarterly of healthcare ethics : CQ : the international journal of healthcare ethics committees·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 15, 2026

A Modified Mirror Test as a Visual Guide for the Self-awareness Trait in Wild Antarctica Penguins, Pygoscelis adeliae
04:51

A Modified Mirror Test as a Visual Guide for the Self-awareness Trait in Wild Antarctica Penguins, Pygoscelis adeliae

Published on: July 8, 2025

843

Commentary: Old Self vs. New Self.

Kara D Beasley

    Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics : CQ : the International Journal of Healthcare Ethics Committees
    |September 17, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Tourette syndrome showed promising results, with one patient experiencing significant tic reduction and improved quality of life after lead implantation.

    More Related Videos

    Observing the Transformation of Bodily Self-consciousness in the Squeeze-machine Experiment
    07:20

    Observing the Transformation of Bodily Self-consciousness in the Squeeze-machine Experiment

    Published on: March 8, 2019

    14.4K
    Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception
    05:48

    Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception

    Published on: August 9, 2024

    2.1K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Mar 15, 2026

    A Modified Mirror Test as a Visual Guide for the Self-awareness Trait in Wild Antarctica Penguins, Pygoscelis adeliae
    04:51

    A Modified Mirror Test as a Visual Guide for the Self-awareness Trait in Wild Antarctica Penguins, Pygoscelis adeliae

    Published on: July 8, 2025

    843
    Observing the Transformation of Bodily Self-consciousness in the Squeeze-machine Experiment
    07:20

    Observing the Transformation of Bodily Self-consciousness in the Squeeze-machine Experiment

    Published on: March 8, 2019

    14.4K
    Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception
    05:48

    Author Spotlight: Investigating the Impact of Emotional Prosodies on Voice Recognition and Perception

    Published on: August 9, 2024

    2.1K

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Neurosurgery

    Background:

    • Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an emerging treatment for severe Gilles de Tourette syndrome (GTS).
    • Previous studies reported significant tic reduction following DBS lead implantation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy and patient-reported outcomes of DBS lead implantation in a patient with GTS.
    • To assess the impact of DBS on tic frequency and the "urge to tic".

    Main Methods:

    • Investigator-initiated research protocol for DBS lead implantation.
    • Intraoperative and postoperative assessment of tic frequency and patient-reported "urge to tic".

    Main Results:

    • Excellent intraoperative reduction in the "urge to tic" observed.
    • Sustained tic improvement from baseline for 15 weeks postoperatively.
    • Patient reported significant subjective benefit and improved quality of life, despite not meeting all "desired medical/therapeutic outcomes".

    Conclusions:

    • DBS lead implantation can provide significant subjective benefit and functional improvement for individuals with GTS.
    • Patient recognition of benefit is a crucial factor in assessing treatment success.
    • Further research into optimal DBS targets and outcomes for GTS is warranted.