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Incidence of Pediatric Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence and Inner Ear Anomalies: A Large Multicenter Review

Eric M Sugihara1, Seilesh C Babu, Dennis J Kitsko

  • 1*Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital of Michigan of the Detroit Medical Center, Michigan State University, Detroit†Department of Otology, Neurotology, and Skull Base Surgery, Michigan Ear Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan‡Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania§Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beaumont Children's Hospital, Royal Oak||Michigan Pediatric Ear, Nose and Throat Associates, West Bloomfield, Michigan.

Otology & Neurotology : Official Publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [And] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology
|September 17, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) is not associated with inner ear anomalies in children. Pediatric SSCD incidence is highest in those under two years old, suggesting a congenital origin with bone maturation over early childhood.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Pediatric Radiology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Superior semicircular canal dehiscence (SSCD) is a rare condition affecting the inner ear.
  • Understanding the incidence and potential associations of SSCD in pediatric populations is crucial for diagnosis and management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the pediatric incidence of SSCD.
  • To investigate the association between SSCD and inner ear (IE) anomalies in children.
  • To analyze demographic factors influencing SSCD incidence.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of pediatric temporal bone CT scans (0.5 mm or less collimation) from two tertiary referral centers.
  • Review of 503 CT studies (1,006 temporal bones) by blinded neuroradiologists, with images reformatted into Pöschl and Stenver planes.
  • Statistical analysis of patient age, sex, and diagnosis in relation to SSCD and IE anomalies.

Main Results:

  • The incidence of SSCD was 6.2% and IE anomalies were found in 15.1% of individuals.
  • No significant correlation was found between SSCD and IE anomalies (1.1%).
  • SSCD incidence was significantly higher in children under 2 years (36.7%) and decreased with age, with a higher prevalence in males.

Conclusions:

  • SSCD and IE anomalies are unlikely to be related in the pediatric population.
  • The high incidence of SSCD in very young children suggests a congenital etiology with subsequent bone maturation.
  • Age under 2 years is a significant predictor for pediatric SSCD.
Abstract

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