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Related Experiment Videos

Auditory investigations in hypothyroidism.

V T Anand1, S B Mann, R J Dash

  • 1Department of ENT, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Acta Oto-Laryngologica
|July 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Hypothyroidism can cause hearing loss, affecting the middle ear, cochlea, and auditory nerve pathways. Levothyroxine treatment significantly improved hearing thresholds in most patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Endocrinology
  • Audiology

Background:

  • Hypothyroidism is a condition characterized by insufficient thyroid hormone production.
  • Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in the development and function of the auditory system.
  • Hearing impairment is a potential, yet often overlooked, complication of hypothyroidism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of hypothyroidism on peripheral and central auditory functions.
  • To assess the reversibility of auditory system changes after treatment with levothyroxine.

Main Methods:

  • Auditory system functions were evaluated in 20 hypothyroid patients before and after levothyroxine treatment.
  • Hearing tests included pure-tone audiometry, tympanometry, and brainstem electric response audiometry.
  • Results were compared to age- and sex-matched normal subjects.

Main Results:

  • 80% of hypothyroid patients exhibited hearing loss, predominantly sensorineural and cochlear.
  • Brainstem electric response audiometry indicated abnormalities at cochlear and retrocochlear sites.
  • Levothyroxine treatment led to significant improvements in pure-tone audiometry thresholds and partial normalization of tympanometry.

Conclusions:

  • A causal relationship exists between hypothyroidism and hearing loss.
  • Auditory system dysfunction in hypothyroidism can occur at multiple levels: middle ear, cochlear, and retrocochlear.
  • While thyroid hormone replacement therapy improves hearing thresholds, complete reversibility of all auditory pathway changes may not occur.

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