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Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
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Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Analyses of Murine Intestinal Microbiota After Oral Antibiotic Treatment
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Antibiotic use and microbiome function.

Manuel Ferrer1, Celia Méndez-García2, David Rojo3

  • 1Institute of Catalysis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.

Biochemical Pharmacology
|September 20, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Antibiotic use significantly alters the human microbiome, affecting its composition and metabolism. This review details how approximately 68 antibiotics impact gut, oral, skin, and other microbial communities.

Keywords:
Ampicillin (PubChem CID: 6249)AntibioticsCephalosporin (PubChem CID: 25058126)Ciprofloxacin (PubChem CID: 2764)Clindamycin (PubChem CID: 29029)Erythromycin (PubChem CID: 12560)Gentamicin (PubChem CID: 3467)Metronidazole (PubChem CID: 4173)MicrobiomeMicrobiotaOMICSStreptomycin (PubChem CID: 19649)Tetracycline (PubChem CID: 54675776)Vancomycin (PubChem CID: 14969)

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Pharmacology
  • Human Health

Background:

  • The human microbiome is a complex ecosystem influenced by various factors.
  • Antibiotic interventions, including beta-lactam antibiotics, are significant covariates affecting microbiome composition.
  • Understanding antibiotic effects on the microbiome is crucial due to rising global antibiotic use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review antibiotics linked to human microbial community changes.
  • To focus on the impact of antibiotics on gut, oral, respiratory, skin, and vaginal microbiota.
  • To compile information on molecular agents (genes, proteins, metabolites) affected by antibiotic treatments.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies published up to June 2016.
  • Analysis of antibiotic effects on microbial communities across various body sites.
  • Compilation of data on approximately 68 different antibiotics and their impact.

Main Results:

  • Antibiotic interventions cause significant shifts in microbial community composition and metabolism.
  • The extent of microbiome alteration depends on antibiotic type, administration, duration, dose, and resistance.
  • Specific bacteria, fungi, archaea, and viruses are differentially influenced by antibiotic treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Antibiotic use profoundly impacts the human microbiome.
  • This review provides a comprehensive overview of antibiotic-induced microbiome alterations.
  • The findings highlight the need for further research into microbiome-antibiotic interactions.