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[Valvular calcifications in a patient on hemodialysis in Morocco]
Samia Ait Faqih1, Béfa Noto-Kadou-Kaza1, Lalla Meryam Abouamrane1
1Service de Néphrologie, de Dialyse et de Transplantation Rénale du CHU Ibn Rochd de Casablanca, Maroc.
Insights
Valvular calcifications affect 15% of hemodialysis patients, with no significant risk factors identified in this study. Further research is needed to understand and mitigate this cardiovascular complication.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Nephrology
- Biomedical Research
Background:
- Valvular calcifications are a significant cardiovascular complication in hemodialysis patients, linked to increased morbidity and mortality.
- Identifying risk factors for valvular calcifications is crucial for managing patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of valvular calcifications in hemodialysis patients.
- To investigate potential risk factors associated with valvular calcifications in this population.
Main Methods:
- A single-center, cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study was conducted.
- 111 adult patients on hemodialysis for over 6 months were included.
- Echocardiographic examinations were performed to assess valvular calcifications.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of valvular calcification was 15%, with aortic and mitral valve involvement each at 41.2%.
- Average patient age was 44 ± 14 years, with a mean hemodialysis duration of 146 ± 80 months.
- Univariate analysis suggested a marginal association between hemodialysis duration and calcification occurrence (p = 0.09).
Conclusions:
- The prevalence of valvular calcification in this hemodialysis cohort is notable, though potentially lower than reported in some literature.
- No established risk factors were found to be significantly associated with valvular calcifications in this study group.
- Further investigation is warranted to elucidate the specific risk factors and optimal management strategies for valvular calcifications in hemodialysis patients.
Introduction:
Valvular calcifications are one of the major cardiovascular complications of hemodialysis because of its prevalence and its predictive indices of morbidity and mortality. There are many risk factors associated with these calcifications. Our study aims to evaluate both the prevalence of valvular calcifications in our patients on hemodialysis and their risk factors.
Methods:
This was a single-center cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study of 111 adult patients who were on hemodialysis for more than 6 months at the hemodialysis center CHU Ibn Rushd, Casablanca and who underwent ETT during the year 2013.
Results:
The average age of our patients was 44 ± 14 years. The average duration of hemodialysis was 146 ± 80 months. Average systolic blood pressure was 123 ± 23 mmHg and average diastolic blood pressure 72 ± 13 mmHg diastolic, average iPTH was 529 ± 460 pg/ml, mean serum calcium was 86 ± 10 mg/l and mean serum phosphate was 40 ± 15 mg/l. Mean CRP level was 11±19,8 mg/L. From the therapeutic point of view, 96% of patients were treated with calcium carbonate, 11% with 25 OH vitamin D, 55,5% with 1 hydroxy-vitamin D3. The prevalence of valvular calcification was 15% with aortic valve location in 41.2% and mitral valve location in 41.2%. In univariate analysis, only hemodialysis duration seems to be associated with the occurrence of calcifications and approaches marginal level of significance (p = 0.09).
Conclusion:
The prevalence of valvular calcification in our hemodialysis patients remains high even if it seems relatively low compared to the literature data. No known risk factor was significantly associated with these calcifications.
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