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Experimental Methods to Study Human Postural Control
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Real-time visual feedback of COM and COP motion properties differentially modifies postural control structures.

Melissa C Kilby1, Peter C M Molenaar2, Semyon M Slobounov3

  • 1Department of Kinesiology, The University of Georgia, 330 River Rd, Athens, GA, 30602, USA. mck18@uga.edu.

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|September 21, 2016
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Summary

Visual feedback significantly impacts human postural control. Virtual time-to-contact and center of pressure-center of mass coupling reduced sway in static standing, while enhancing dynamic instability exploration.

Keywords:
Center of massCenter of pressureCollective variablePostural controlVirtual time-to-contactVisual feedback

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human Motor Control
  • Sensory Feedback

Background:

  • Postural control relies on integrating sensory information, including visual feedback.
  • Augmented visual feedback can alter sensorimotor strategies for maintaining balance.
  • Understanding how specific visual feedback properties influence postural control is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of augmented visual feedback on human quiet standing.
  • To compare the impact of different visual feedback properties on postural control variables (COP and COM).
  • To examine the influence of feedback on joint coordination and sway dynamics in static and dynamic balance.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed static and dynamic one-leg standing tasks under various visual feedback conditions.
  • Feedback included 2D position of center of pressure (COP) and center of mass (COM), virtual time-to-contact (VTC), and COP-COM coupling.
  • A no-feedback dual-task condition served as the control. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) was used.

Main Results:

  • Virtual time-to-contact (VTC) and COP-COM coupling feedback reduced postural motion in static standing more than 2D position feedback.
  • These macro-variable feedbacks led to larger sway amplitudes in dynamic standing, suggesting exploration of stability limits.
  • CCA indicated that COP-COM coupling contributed less to system redundancy compared to other feedback variables.

Conclusions:

  • Specific visual feedback properties, particularly VTC and COP-COM coupling, can modulate postural control strategies.
  • Feedback influences the trade-off between stability and exploration of stability limits.
  • While feedback alters the contribution to system redundancy, fundamental joint motion structures are preserved.