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Rapid Speed Modulation of a Rotary Total Artificial Heart Impeller
Matthias Kleinheyer1,2, Daniel L Timms3, Geoffrey D Tansley4
1School of Engineering, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia. matthias.kleinheyer@griffithuni.edu.au.
Artificial Organs
|September 21, 2016
Summary
Generating pulsatile flow in total artificial hearts (TAH) using rotary blood pumps (RBPs) is challenging. Different speed profiles impact hemodynamic pulsatility, with trade-offs between energy and flow characteristics observed.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Cardiovascular Technology
- Medical Devices
Background:
- Rotary blood pumps (RBPs) in total artificial hearts (TAHs) produce pulseless flow, unlike the native heart's pulsatile output.
- Pulseless circulation may negatively affect microcirculation, autoregulation, and lead to adverse events like bleeding and thrombosis.
- Reproducing pulsatile output from TAHs is desirable for improved patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate different speed profiles for generating pulsatile waveforms in the BiVACOR TAH.
- To compare various speed profiles based on hemodynamic pulsatility, energy consumption, and blood trauma indicators.
- To identify optimal strategies for achieving physiologic pulsatile flow while minimizing adverse effects.
Main Methods:
- In vitro evaluation of six distinct speed profiles for the BiVACOR TAH.
- Quantification of hemodynamic pulsatility using surplus hemodynamic energy (SHE), maximum rate of change of pressure (dP/dt), and pulse power index.
- Assessment of motor power consumption relative to pulse pressure.
Main Results:
- Different speed profile shapes resulted in varying trends for hemodynamic pulsatility and power consumption.
- A trade-off was observed between surplus hemodynamic energy (SHE) levels and flow rate pulsatility, influenced by systolic duration.
- No single evaluated measure adequately characterized the overall hemodynamic pulsatility.
Conclusions:
- Optimizing speed profiles for TAHs is complex, involving balancing pulsatility, energy efficiency, and blood trauma.
- Further research is needed to develop comprehensive metrics for characterizing pulsatile flow in artificial hearts.
- The findings highlight the need for sophisticated control strategies to achieve physiologic pulsatile circulation with RBPs.
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