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Toxicity Testing in Animals

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Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...

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When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
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Drug Toxicity: Overview

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

High Content Screening Analysis to Evaluate the Toxicological Effects of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents HPHC

High Content Screening Analysis to Evaluate the Toxicological Effects of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents HPHC

Published on: May 10, 2016

A practice analysis of toxicology.

Carol S Wood¹, Christopher P Weis², Carla M Caro³

¹PO Box 2008, Bldg 1507, MS 6407, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 38501, USA.

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP

|September 21, 2016

Summary

A 2015 practice analysis study by the American Board of Toxicology (ABT) and Society of Toxicology (SOT) updated toxicologist knowledge requirements. This ensures certification exams reflect current toxicology practice and professional standards.

Keywords:

Delineation Examination specifications Practice analysis Toxicology

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Area of Science:

Toxicology
Professional Certification
Occupational Analysis

Background:

The American Board of Toxicology (ABT) and Society of Toxicology (SOT) collaborated on a practice analysis in 2015.
This initiative aimed to ensure the relevance of general toxicology knowledge requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

To update and validate the knowledge base for professional toxicology certification.
To align examination content with contemporary toxicological practice.

Main Methods:

A practice analysis study was conducted involving subject-matter experts.
An online survey of toxicologists, including ABT Diplomates and SOT members, was utilized.

Main Results:

A comprehensive profile of domains and tasks in current toxicology practice was established.
Survey results confirmed the delineated knowledge areas and tasks.

Conclusions:

The study provides an empirical foundation for ABT's examination and certification requirements.
Findings will inform the development of test specifications and educational programs for toxicologists.