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Detection of Occult Acute Kidney Injury in Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency Anemia

Gehan Lotfy Abdel Hakeem1, Emad Allam Abdel Naeem2, Salwa Hussein Swelam1

  • 1Pediatric Department, Minia University, Egypt.

Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases
|September 21, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Children with Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency anemia experience kidney damage during hemolytic crises. This study found subclinical renal injury in these children, which can persist even after the crisis subsides.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Hematology
  • Clinical Biochemistry

Background:

  • Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency anemia is characterized by intravascular hemolysis.
  • Free hemoglobin released during hemolysis can lead to kidney damage.
  • Subclinical renal injury in children with G6PD deficiency requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess subclinical renal injury in children with G6PD deficiency anemia.
  • To evaluate renal function during and after acute hemolytic episodes.
  • To compare renal parameters between G6PD deficient children and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty children were enrolled: 30 with G6PD deficiency anemia (during and after crisis) and 30 healthy controls.
  • Serum cystatin C, creatinine levels, and urinary albumin/creatinine (A/C) ratio were measured.
  • Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated for all participants.

Main Results:

  • Children with G6PD deficiency showed significantly higher urinary A/C ratio and lower GFR during and after hemolytic episodes compared to controls.
  • During acute hemolytic crisis, elevated serum cystatin C, creatinine, and A/C ratio were observed compared to the post-crisis period in the same children.
  • GFR was insignificantly lower during acute crisis compared to the post-crisis period.

Conclusions:

  • G6PD deficiency anemia is linked to varying degrees of acute kidney injury during hemolytic episodes.
  • Renal injury in G6PD deficient children may persist after the resolution of hemolytic crises.
  • Early detection and monitoring of renal function are crucial in children with G6PD deficiency anemia.
Abstract

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