Surface display on lactic acid bacteria without genetic modification: strategies and applications

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Microbiology
• Genetic Engineering

Background:

• Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are widely used in food and industry due to their safety and probiotic qualities.
• Genetically modified microorganisms face public and regulatory challenges, increasing interest in non-genetically modified alternatives.
• Surface display technology on microbes offers diverse biotechnological applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore surface-engineered lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as a viable alternative to genetically modified microorganisms.
• To investigate methods for constructing surface-engineered LAB without genetic modification.
• To evaluate the potential of these engineered LAB and bacterial-like particles (BLP) in applications like mucosal vaccines.

Main Methods:

• Construction of surface-engineered LAB using genetic or chemical approaches to create fusion proteins.
• Attachment of passenger molecules and anchoring domains to the bacterial surface.
• Utilizing non-living bacterial-like particles (BLP) for enhanced binding capacity.

Main Results:

• Surface-engineered LAB can be created without genetic modification, addressing public acceptance and regulatory concerns.
• Non-living bacterial-like particles (BLP) demonstrate superior binding capacity and reduced anticarrier response compared to living LAB.
• These engineered systems are particularly suitable for developing mucosal vaccines.

Conclusions:

• Surface-engineered LAB present a promising, non-genetically modified platform for various biotechnological applications.
• The use of BLP enhances the efficacy and safety profile of microbial cell surface display systems.
• This technology holds significant potential for the advancement of mucosal vaccine development.