Haplotypes in BMP4 and FGF Genes Increase the Risk of Peri-Implantitis

Area of Science:

• Genetics
• Oral Implantology
• Biomaterials Science

Background:

• Osseointegrated dental implants are widely used, but peri-implantitis, leading to bone loss, is a growing concern.
• Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) play critical roles in bone regeneration and resorption.
• The interplay between BMPs and FGFs influences bone remodeling, impacting peri-implant bone health.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between specific gene polymorphisms in BMP4, FGF3, FGF10, and FGFR1 and the incidence of peri-implant bone loss.
• To analyze the correlation of individual gene variants and their haplotypes with peri-implantitis.

Main Methods:

• Genotyping of 13 polymorphisms in BMP4, FGF3, FGF10, and FGFR1 genes in 215 volunteers (754 implants).
• Participants were categorized into healthy (n=129) and peri-implantitis (n=86) groups based on clinical examination.
• Statistical analysis using the chi-square test to correlate genotypes, allelic, and haplotype frequencies with peri-implantitis, with p<0.05 considered significant.

Main Results:

• The TT genotype of BMP4 rs2761884 and the TT+CT genotypes of FGF3 rs4631909 were associated with healthy peri-implant conditions.
• The C allele of FGF3 rs4631909 showed a trend towards association with peri-implantitis (p=0.08).
• Specific haplotypes, including FGF10 CCTG (p=0.03), BMP4 GAAA (p=0.05), and BMP4 GGGA (p=0.02), were significantly associated with peri-implantitis.

Conclusions:

• BMP4 and FGF10 gene haplotypes are significantly associated with the development of peri-implantitis.
• Genetic variations in BMP4 and FGF10 may serve as potential biomarkers for predicting peri-implantitis risk.
• Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms linking these genetic factors to peri-implant bone loss.