[Functional significance of a floating eye model]

The role of the floating eye model in the organization of situating and producing eye micromovements was studied. There is presented a hydromechanical model of orthophoria of latent and obvious squint. It is shown that the multiformity of obvious squint depends on the variety of combinations of nonuniform forces in the right eye aparting from the left one, which is the result of nonuniform deviations of both eyes from the norm, and heterophoria is the result of combinations of uniform forces aparting and of analogous deviations of both eyes form. It is shown that the concomittant squint is caused by the existence of different polar heterophoria at both eyes, and their multiformity is the result of their various combinations. The essential necessity of the eye floating for the organization of micromovements--eye tremor and drift is established. It is shown that the eye tremor which takes place under incomplete tetanus of the musole is possible only at optimal equilibrium of the eye and absence of friction they both are at floating. The non-muscle moving character of the eye drift is revealed. It proceeds under the influence of hydromechanical forces of aparting and nonequilibrated gravity of the cornea as a result of weakening of the eye movement muscle under fixation. The cause of the optic, axis divergence (OA) with optic line (OL) and the necessity with it of postnatal development of the eye dioptrics under active influence of the motor apparatus was discovered. Physiology of the eye floating, new conclusions and a hypothesis concerning the model are discussed.