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Proteinuria in HIV-infected Indian children

Gopila Gupta1, Alok Hemal2, Abhijeet Saha2

  • 11 Postgraduate Student, Department of Paediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research and Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Tropical Doctor
|September 23, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Screening HIV-infected children for kidney disease using urine tests is crucial. Early detection of proteinuria and microalbuminuria can prevent progression to end-stage kidney disease.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant cause of illness and death in HIV-infected individuals.
  • Early detection of kidney damage in HIV-infected children is essential for timely intervention and preventing progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESRD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence of proteinuria and microalbuminuria in HIV-infected children.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of screening methods for early kidney disease detection in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A study screened 139 HIV-infected children (18 months to 18 years) for proteinuria using urinary dipstick and spot urine protein-to-creatinine ratio.
  • Children without proteinuria were further screened for microalbuminuria using urinary albumin to creatinine ratio.

Main Results:

  • Proteinuria was detected in 11.5% of the study population.
  • Microalbuminuria was identified in 10.6% of the children.
  • The prevalence of proteinuria increased with advanced stages of HIV infection, observed in 8.05% in stage 1, 12.12% in stage 2, and 26.32% in stages 3+4.

Conclusions:

  • Routine screening for proteinuria and microalbuminuria is vital for early detection of kidney disease in HIV-infected children.
  • The findings highlight the increased risk of CKD in advanced stages of HIV infection, emphasizing the need for vigilant monitoring.

Keywords:
HIVIndiachildrenmicroalbuminuriaproteinuria

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