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Sunitinib: the antiangiogenic effects and beyond

Zhonglin Hao1, Ibrahim Sadek1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.

Oncotargets and Therapy
|September 24, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Sunitinib is an effective tyrosine kinase inhibitor for metastatic renal cell carcinoma, targeting angiogenesis. Research explores its resistance mechanisms, toxicities, and potential immunomodulatory roles for improved cancer treatment strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Sunitinib is a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
  • It is a primary treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).
  • Sunitinib targets key receptors involved in angiogenesis and cancer progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy and mechanisms of sunitinib in mRCC treatment.
  • To discuss resistance mechanisms, toxicities, and emerging roles of sunitinib.
  • To explore potential combination therapies for enhanced outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of sunitinib's mechanism of action.
  • Analysis of clinical data regarding efficacy and side effects.
  • Exploration of preclinical and clinical studies on resistance and novel applications.

Main Results:

  • Sunitinib effectively inhibits receptor tyrosine kinases (VEGFR, PDGFR, cKIT) crucial for angiogenesis.
  • Mechanisms of resistance are not fully understood but involve intrinsic and acquired factors.
  • Sunitinib exhibits manageable side effects but can cause serious toxicities requiring dose adjustments.
  • Emerging evidence suggests an immunomodulatory role for sunitinib, potentially mediated by cKIT.

Conclusions:

  • Sunitinib is a cornerstone therapy for mRCC, targeting key angiogenic pathways.
  • Understanding resistance and toxicity is critical for optimal patient management.
  • Investigating sunitinib's immunomodulatory effects and combination therapies holds promise for future cancer treatments.
Keywords:
MDSCangiogenesiscancersunitinib

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