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Harsh environments and the evolution of multi-player cooperation.

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Theoretical Population Biology
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A harsher environment can increase or decrease cooperation probability depending on cooperation costs. Environmental adversity

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Area of Science:

  • Game Theory
  • Environmental Economics
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Cooperation is vital for public good provision.
  • Environmental harshness impacts cooperative behavior.
  • Existing models lack micro-foundations for this relationship.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a game-theoretic model explaining environmental effects on cooperation.
  • To analyze how environmental adversity influences cooperation probability.
  • To investigate the role of cooperation costs in this dynamic.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a game-theoretic model.
  • Defined environmental harshness by complementarity and defense against attacks.
  • Analyzed the relationship between adversity, cooperation costs, and cooperation probability.

Main Results:

  • Environmental harshness and cooperation probability show a non-linear relationship.
  • The effect of adversity is monotonous with opposite signs for low and high cooperation costs.
  • A hill-shaped effect of harshness on cooperation is observed for intermediate costs.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental adversity's impact on cooperation is complex and cost-dependent.
  • The model provides micro-foundations for understanding cooperation in harsh environments.
  • Findings have implications for managing public goods under environmental stress.