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A Geographical Heuristic Routing Protocol for VANETs.

Luis Urquiza-Aguiar1,2, Carolina Tripp-Barba3, Mónica Aguilar Igartua4

  • 1Department of Network Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), C. Jordi Girona 1-3, Barcelona 08034, Spain. luis.urquiza@entel.upc.edu.

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Summary

This study introduces Geographical Heuristic Routing (GHR) for vehicular networks. GHR improves packet delivery in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) using metaheuristics like Tabu search.

Keywords:
VANETheuristic optimizationrouting protocols

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Network Engineering
  • Intelligent Transportation Systems

Background:

  • Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) are key to Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS).
  • Delay-Tolerant Network (DTN) routing is increasingly used for non-safety VANET services like traffic reporting.
  • Current DTN routing in VANETs relies on limited local-search for forwarding decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a generic Geographical Heuristic Routing (GHR) protocol for DTN routing in VANETs.
  • To enhance hop-by-hop forwarding decisions by incorporating metaheuristics.
  • To evaluate the performance of GHR in a multi-hop VANET simulation for a reporting service.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a generic Geographical Heuristic Routing (GHR) protocol.
  • Integrated simulated annealing and Tabu-search metaheuristics into the GHR protocol.
  • Conducted a comprehensive performance evaluation in a multi-hop VANET simulation scenario.
  • Utilized MANOVA tests for statistical analysis of GHR configurations.

Main Results:

  • The use of a Tabu list improved packet delivery ratio by 5% to 10%.
  • When Tabu search was employed, the simulated annealing strategy outperformed the default best-node selection with carry and forwarding.
  • GHR demonstrated improved performance over existing local-search methods in VANETs.

Conclusions:

  • GHR, incorporating metaheuristics like Tabu search, significantly enhances routing performance in VANETs.
  • The proposed GHR protocol offers a more robust and efficient solution for DTN applications in intelligent transportation systems.
  • Metaheuristic-based routing strategies provide a valuable advancement over traditional local-search approaches in vehicular networks.