Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Wind Turbine Machine Models

Wind Turbine Machine Models

In the growing field of wind energy, incorporating wind turbine models into transient stability analysis is essential. Induction and synchronous machines are the primary models used, with induction machines being prevalent due to their simplicity and reliability.
Induction machines interact through the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator and the rotor. The key parameter is slip, which is the difference between synchronous speed and rotor speed relative to synchronous speed. Slip is...

Conservation of Energy in Control Volume

Conservation of Energy in Control Volume

Consider a turbine operating under steady-flow conditions. The control volume is drawn around the turbine, with fluid entering at one point and exiting at another. The turbine extracts energy from the fluid, which performs mechanical work (shaft work).
For steady flow systems, the time derivative of the stored energy becomes zero since there is no energy accumulation within the control volume. This simplifies the energy equation to:

Generation of Three-Phase Voltage

Generation of Three-Phase Voltage

A three-phase AC generator has a rotor with a rotating magnet placed within the stator mounted with the stationary three-phase winding to generate three-phase voltages via mutual induction. These windings are evenly distributed around the inner circumference of the stator and are arranged 120 electrical degrees apart. Three-phase stator windings consist of three separate coils or groups of coils, known as phases, each connected in Y (star) configuration or Delta configuration.
As the rotor...

Moment-of-Momentum Equation

Moment-of-Momentum Equation

The moment-of-momentum equation is a critical tool for analyzing the torque produced by the rotating blades of a wind turbine. This equation is derived by applying Newton's second law to a fluid particle, which states that the rate of change of linear momentum is equal to the external force acting on the particle.

Turbine-Governor Control

Turbine-Governor Control

Turbine-governor control is crucial for maintaining power system stability by balancing turbine mechanical power output with electrical load demand. This mechanism ensures that generator frequency and rotor speed are within acceptable limits during load variations. Turbine-generator units store kinetic energy due to their rotating masses; this energy is released to meet the load requirement when the load increases. The electrical torque of turbines rises to meet the demand, whereas the...

Laminar and Turbulent Flow

Laminar and Turbulent Flow

Fluid dynamics is the study of fluids in motion. Velocity vectors are often used to illustrate fluid motion in applications like meteorology. For example, wind—the fluid motion of air in the atmosphere—can be represented by vectors indicating the speed and direction of the wind at any given point on a map. Another method for representing fluid motion is a streamline. A streamline represents the path of a small volume of fluid as it flows. When the flow pattern changes with time, the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Incorporating long-range dependence and fractal features in turbulence spectra.

Scientific reports·2025

Same author

Development and Characterization of a Sustainable Bio-Polymer Concrete with a Low Carbon Footprint.

Polymers·2023

Same author

Mini-DAQ: A lightweight, low-cost, high resolution, data acquisition system for wave energy converter testing.

HardwareX·2022

Same author

Optical coherence tomography-based micro-particle image velocimetry.

Optics letters·2013

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Experimental Investigation of the Flow Structure over a Delta Wing Via Flow Visualization Methods

Experimental Investigation of the Flow Structure over a Delta Wing Via Flow Visualization Methods

Published on: April 23, 2018

Experimental Study of a Reference Model Vertical-Axis Cross-Flow Turbine.

Peter Bachant¹, Martin Wosnik¹, Budi Gunawan²

¹Center for Ocean Renewable Energy, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, 03824, United States of America.

|September 30, 2016

Summary

Experimental data for a vertical-axis cross-flow turbine model was collected to validate numerical simulations. Researchers measured performance and wake characteristics, providing an open dataset for renewable energy research.

More Related Videos

Measurements of Waves in a Wind-wave Tank Under Steady and Time-varying Wind Forcing

Measurements of Waves in a Wind-wave Tank Under Steady and Time-varying Wind Forcing

Published on: February 13, 2018

Uncoupling Coriolis Force and Rotating Buoyancy Effects on Full-Field Heat Transfer Properties of a Rotating Channel

Uncoupling Coriolis Force and Rotating Buoyancy Effects on Full-Field Heat Transfer Properties of a Rotating Channel

Published on: October 5, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Experimental Investigation of the Flow Structure over a Delta Wing Via Flow Visualization Methods

Experimental Investigation of the Flow Structure over a Delta Wing Via Flow Visualization Methods

Published on: April 23, 2018

Measurements of Waves in a Wind-wave Tank Under Steady and Time-varying Wind Forcing

Measurements of Waves in a Wind-wave Tank Under Steady and Time-varying Wind Forcing

Published on: February 13, 2018

Uncoupling Coriolis Force and Rotating Buoyancy Effects on Full-Field Heat Transfer Properties of a Rotating Channel

Uncoupling Coriolis Force and Rotating Buoyancy Effects on Full-Field Heat Transfer Properties of a Rotating Channel

Published on: October 5, 2018

Area of Science:

Renewable Energy Engineering
Fluid Dynamics
Aerodynamics

Background:

Vertical-axis cross-flow turbines (VTs) are a promising renewable energy technology.
Accurate numerical models are crucial for optimizing VT design and performance.
Experimental data is needed to validate these complex computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models.

Purpose of the Study:

To generate a comprehensive, open dataset of experimental measurements for a US Department of Energy Reference Model (RM2) VT.
To provide data for validating CFD models of VT performance and wake characteristics.
To investigate the influence of Reynolds number and support strut design on VT performance.

Main Methods:

A 1:6 scale model of the RM2 VT was tested in a towing tank.
Mechanical power, rotor drag, and near-wake velocity were measured across various tip speed ratios and Reynolds numbers.
Support strut drag was analyzed by modifying strut geometry (NACA 0021 vs. cylinders).

Main Results:

A peak power coefficient (CP) of 0.37 and rotor drag coefficient (CD) of 0.84 were recorded at a tip speed ratio (λ0) of 3.1.
Weak linear dependence of power coefficient on Reynolds number (ReD) was observed above approximately 10^6.
Modifying struts to cylinders significantly reduced power coefficient, highlighting strut drag impact.
Near-wake recovery was dominated by mean vertical advection, similar to high solidity turbines, but overall recovery was lower for the RM2.

Conclusions:

The study successfully generated a valuable open dataset for VT research and numerical model validation.
Support strut design significantly impacts VT performance, with cylindrical struts reducing efficiency.
The RM2 VT exhibits lower wake recovery compared to high solidity designs due to lower solidity and reduced vortex shedding, influenced by operating conditions like tip speed ratio and dynamic stall.