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Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
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Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures01:26

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Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
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Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
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Several physiological and lifestyle factors influence blood pressure (BP). Understanding these factors is crucial as they are significant in patient education and blood pressure management.
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Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease in Indians.

D S Jaswal1, T K Saha2, N Aggarwal3

  • 1Senior Advisor (Medicine), Military Hospital, Meerut.

Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|October 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary

High C-reactive protein (CRP) and IgG anti-chlamydial antibodies are emerging risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) in Indians. Other factors like insulin and homocysteine showed no significant association with CAD in this study.

Keywords:
Coronary artery diseaseEmerging risk factors

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Investigating emerging risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) in the Indian population.
  • Understanding the role of novel biomarkers in CAD pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify emerging risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) in Indian individuals.
  • To evaluate the association of total plasma homocysteine, insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP), lipoprotein (a), fibrinogen, and anti-chlamydial antibodies with CAD.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 100 CAD patients and 100 controls.
  • Diagnosis of CAD confirmed through clinical, biochemical, and imaging techniques.
  • Measurement of plasma homocysteine, insulin, CRP, lipoprotein (a), fibrinogen, and anti-chlamydial antibodies (IgG and IgM).

Main Results:

  • Significant correlation found between CAD and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels.
  • Elevated IgG anti-chlamydial antibodies showed a significant association with coronary artery disease.
  • Hyperhomocysteinemia was prevalent in both cases and controls, but not significantly associated with CAD.

Conclusions:

  • High C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and IgG anti-chlamydial antibodies are associated with coronary artery disease in Indians.
  • Insulin, lipoprotein A, fibrinogen, and IgM anti-chlamydial antibodies are not significantly associated with CAD in this population.
  • Further research may be needed to elucidate the role of homocysteine in Indian CAD patients.