Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Modes of Standing Waves - I01:03

Modes of Standing Waves - I

4.2K
A close look at earthquakes provides evidence for the conditions appropriate for resonance, standing waves, and constructive and destructive interference. A building may vibrate for several seconds with a driving frequency matching the building's natural frequency of vibration; this produces a resonance that results in one building collapsing while the neighboring buildings do not. Often, buildings of a certain height are devastated, while other taller buildings remain intact. This...
4.2K
Effective Value of a Periodic Waveform01:07

Effective Value of a Periodic Waveform

1.4K
The concept of effective value, the root mean square (RMS) value, is crucial in understanding electrical circuits and power delivery. This idea emerges from the necessity to measure the effectiveness of a voltage or current source in supplying power to a resistive load.
The effective value of a periodic current represents the direct current (DC) that conveys the same average power to a resistor as the periodic current itself. This concept is crucial when assessing AC circuits. To determine the...
1.4K
Generator Voltage Control01:21

Generator Voltage Control

726
Generator voltage control is crucial for maintaining the stable operation of synchronous generators and wind turbines. In older models, a DC generator driven by the rotor delivers DC power to the rotor's field winding, and the power is transferred through slip rings and brushes. In the latest models, static or brushless exciters are used. Static exciters rectify AC power from the generator terminals and then transfer the DC power directly to the rotor. Brushless exciters, on the other hand, use...
726
Generating Electromagnetic Radiations01:10

Generating Electromagnetic Radiations

8.1K
The German physicist Heinrich Hertz (1857–1894) was the first to generate and detect certain types of electromagnetic waves in the laboratory. Starting in 1887, he performed a series of experiments that confirmed the existence of electromagnetic waves and verified that they travel at the speed of light. Hertz used an alternating-current RLC (resistor-inductor-capacitor) circuit that resonated at a known frequency and connected it to a loop of wire. High voltages induced across the gap in...
8.1K
Simple Harmonic Motion01:21

Simple Harmonic Motion

15.9K
Simple harmonic motion is the name given to oscillatory motion for a system where the net force can be described by Hooke's law. If the net force can be described by Hooke's law and there is no damping (by friction or other non-conservative forces), then a simple harmonic oscillator will oscillate with equal displacement on either side of the equilibrium position. To derive an equation for period and frequency, the equation of motion is used. The period of a simple harmonic oscillator is given...
15.9K
Standing Waves01:17

Standing Waves

5.7K
Sometimes waves do not seem to move; rather, they just vibrate in place. Unmoving waves can be seen on the surface of a glass of milk kept in a refrigerator, which is one example of standing waves. Vibrations from the refrigerator motor create waves on the milk that oscillate up and down but do not seem to move across the surface. These waves are formed or created by the superposition of two or more identical moving waves in opposite directions. The waves move through each other, with their...
5.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Stochastic inner workings of subdiffraction laser writing.

Optics letters·2026
Same author

Laser Wakefield Acceleration of Ions with a Transverse Flying Focus.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Publisher's Note: "Dispersion calibration for the National Ignition Facility electron-positron-proton spectrometers for intense laser matter interactions" [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 92, 033516 (2021)].

The Review of scientific instruments·2021
Same author

Dispersion calibration for the National Ignition Facility electron-positron-proton spectrometers for intense laser matter interactions.

The Review of scientific instruments·2021
Same author

Electron-Nanobunch-Width-Dominated Spectral Power Law for Relativistic Harmonic Generation from Ultrathin Foils.

Physical review letters·2020
Same author

The X-Ray Emission Effectiveness of Plasma Mirrors: Reexamining Power-Law Scaling for Relativistic High-Order Harmonic Generation.

Scientific reports·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.8K

Waveform-Controlled Relativistic High-Order-Harmonic Generation.

Matthew R Edwards1, Julia M Mikhailova1

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|October 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tailored light fields can achieve 10% efficiency for relativistic high-order harmonic emission from solids. This efficiency is independent of laser intensity and plasma density for harmonics between 80-200 eV.

More Related Videos

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier
10:17

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

Published on: July 12, 2017

12.1K
The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
12:14

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

Published on: August 12, 2013

22.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.8K
20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier
10:17

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

Published on: July 12, 2017

12.1K
The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
12:14

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

Published on: August 12, 2013

22.6K

Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics
  • Quantum Optics
  • Laser-Matter Interactions

Background:

  • Relativistic high-order harmonic emission (HHE) is a key process for generating coherent X-rays.
  • Understanding the efficiency limits of HHE from solid targets is crucial for advanced light source development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the maximum achievable energy conversion efficiency for relativistic HHE from solid targets using tailored light fields.
  • To identify the optimal laser pulse characteristics for maximizing HHE efficiency.

Main Methods:

  • One-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations were employed to model the interaction of tailored light fields with solid targets.
  • Simulations explored the parameter space of laser intensity, plasma density, and light field waveforms.

Main Results:

  • A maximum energy conversion efficiency of up to 10% was achieved for harmonics in the 80-200 eV range.
  • The peak efficiency was found to be largely independent of laser intensity and plasma density.
  • Effective driving waveforms featured a broad spectrum, with frequency limits determined by pulse envelope width and relativistic plasma frequency.

Conclusions:

  • Tailored light fields offer a promising route to high-efficiency relativistic HHE from solid targets.
  • The efficiency is robust against variations in laser intensity and plasma density within the simulated regimes.
  • Precise control over the laser waveform's spectral properties is key to optimizing harmonic generation.