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Three-dimensional direct cell bioprinting for tissue engineering.

Saime Burce Ozler1,2, Ezgi Bakirci1,2, Can Kucukgul1,2

  • 1Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, Turkey.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials
|October 1, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Novel bioprinting methods use live multicellular aggregates to create 3D tissue constructs. These engineered tissues demonstrate rapid fusion and high cell viability, advancing regenerative medicine applications.

Keywords:
3D tissue constructsCAD modelingbioprintingmulticellular aggregatesscaffold-free tissue engineering

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Bioprinting enables layer-by-layer fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) living structures using cells and biomaterials.
  • Existing methods face challenges in creating complex 3D biological structures with high fidelity and cell viability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate novel bioprinting methodologies for fabricating 3D biological structures from live multicellular aggregates.
  • To optimize the preparation and extrusion of multicellular aggregates into a continuous bioink for 3D bioprinting.

Main Methods:

  • Preparation and optimization of multicellular aggregates comprising fibroblast, endothelial, and smooth muscle cells.
  • A novel extrusion-based bioprinting approach using compressed multicellular aggregates within glass microcapillaries.
  • Calculation of compression ratios to overcome surface tension and ensure continuous bioink extrusion.

Main Results:

  • Successfully bioprinted 3D tissue constructs with predefined shapes using multicellular aggregates.
  • Demonstrated rapid fusion of bioprinted constructs.
  • Confirmed high cell viability and preserved f-actin cytoskeletal organization post-bioprinting across various compression ratios.

Conclusions:

  • The developed bioprinting strategies effectively fabricate 3D tissue constructs from multicellular aggregates.
  • The method ensures high cell viability and structural integrity, paving the way for advanced tissue engineering applications.