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Blindness in eclampsia: CT and MR imaging.

R Duncan1, D Hadley, I Bone

  • 1Institute of Neurological Sciences, Southern General Hospital, Glasgow, UK.

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
|July 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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Eclampsia can cause cortical blindness. Imaging suggests this vision loss results from ischemia, not bleeding, in the brain.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Obstetrics

Background:

  • Eclampsia is a severe complication of pregnancy characterized by seizures.
  • Cortical blindness is a rare but serious neurological deficit that can occur in eclamptic patients.

Observation:

  • This study details three cases of eclampsia presenting with cortical blindness.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray computed tomography (CT) scans were performed on these patients.

Findings:

  • MRI revealed characteristic lesions: hyperintense on T2-weighted and hypointense on T1-weighted images.
  • CT scans showed low attenuation lesions in corresponding areas.
  • These imaging findings indicate that ischemia, not hemorrhage, is the primary pathological mechanism for cortical blindness in these eclamptic cases.

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Implications:

  • Understanding the mechanism of cortical blindness in eclampsia is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
  • Neuroimaging plays a vital role in differentiating ischemic from hemorrhagic causes of visual disturbances in pregnancy-related disorders.
  • This highlights the importance of prompt neurological and radiological assessment in managing severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.