Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Export01:42

Nuclear Export

5.1K
The nucleus restricts several proteins within and allows others to pass. The restricted proteins possess a nuclear retention sequence or NRS, anchoring them to the nuclear lamins and preventing their transport to the cytosol. The non-restricted proteins, after their synthesis, are transported to their site of action, such as the cytosol or other organelles, with the help of nuclear export signals or NES.
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...
5.1K
Cell Motility through Blebbing01:16

Cell Motility through Blebbing

2.6K
Blebs are a type of membrane protrusion formed by the internal hydrostatic pressure of the cytoplasm. Blebs are observed in several cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and single-celled organisms like the amoeba. The primary function of blebs is cell locomotion and apoptosis, but they are also found during necrosis and cell division. The life cycle of a bleb comprises an initiation phase followed by the expansion and retraction phases.
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
2.6K
Disassembly of Intermediate Filaments01:35

Disassembly of Intermediate Filaments

2.8K
Intermediate filaments (IFs) do not undergo spontaneous disassembly. Enzymes, kinases, and phosphatases add and remove phosphates from specific sites to regulate their disassembly. The IF concentration in the cytoplasm also regulates the disassembly. If the concentration crosses a threshold, it activates the protein kinases in the vicinity, allowing the phosphorylation of IFs.
Keratin proteins, found at the cell periphery near cell junctions, undergo a cycle of assembly and disassembly. In Type...
2.8K
Nuclear Protein Sorting01:34

Nuclear Protein Sorting

6.6K
Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...
6.6K
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

3.4K
Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
3.4K
Actin Filament Depolymerization01:19

Actin Filament Depolymerization

4.1K
Actin filaments (F-actin) are composed of actin subunits. The dissociation of actin monomers can occur from either end of F-actin. The rate of dissociation is faster from the minus-end or the pointed end, where the actin subunits exist with a bound ADP, together known as ADP-actin. The depolymerization of F-actin is aided by proteins, including the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) and cofilin family of proteins, gelsolin, and glia maturation factor (GMF).
In F-actin, the ADF/cofilin proteins...
4.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

RCC1 depletion drives protein transport defects and rupture in micronuclei.

The Journal of cell biology·2026
Same author

PSME3 regulates migration and differentiation of myoblasts.

Life science alliance·2025
Same author

Calorie restriction increases insulin sensitivity to promote beta cell homeostasis and longevity in mice.

Nature communications·2024
Same author

RCC1 depletion drives protein transport defects and rupture in micronuclei.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2024
Same author

A p62-dependent rheostat dictates micronuclei catastrophe and chromosome rearrangements.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2024
Same author

Small spaces, big problems: The abnormal nucleoplasm of micronuclei and its consequences.

Current opinion in structural biology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Combining 3D Magnetic Force Actuator and Multi-Functional Fluorescence Imaging to Study Nucleus Mechanobiology
06:54

Combining 3D Magnetic Force Actuator and Multi-Functional Fluorescence Imaging to Study Nucleus Mechanobiology

Published on: July 5, 2022

2.9K

Nuclear envelope rupture is induced by actin-based nucleus confinement.

Emily M Hatch1, Martin W Hetzer2

  • 1Department of Basic Sciences, The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109.

The Journal of Cell Biology
|October 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Nuclear envelope rupture in cancer cells is driven by actin bundles and LINC complex, leading to chromatin leakage. Mechanical constraints can prevent rupture, suggesting pressure from actin confinement causes tears in weakened nuclear membranes.

More Related Videos

A Direct Force Probe for Measuring Mechanical Integration Between the Nucleus and the Cytoskeleton
05:47

A Direct Force Probe for Measuring Mechanical Integration Between the Nucleus and the Cytoskeleton

Published on: July 29, 2018

17.2K
Long-term Live-cell Imaging to Assess Cell Fate in Response to Paclitaxel
08:29

Long-term Live-cell Imaging to Assess Cell Fate in Response to Paclitaxel

Published on: May 14, 2018

10.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 14, 2026

Combining 3D Magnetic Force Actuator and Multi-Functional Fluorescence Imaging to Study Nucleus Mechanobiology
06:54

Combining 3D Magnetic Force Actuator and Multi-Functional Fluorescence Imaging to Study Nucleus Mechanobiology

Published on: July 5, 2022

2.9K
A Direct Force Probe for Measuring Mechanical Integration Between the Nucleus and the Cytoskeleton
05:47

A Direct Force Probe for Measuring Mechanical Integration Between the Nucleus and the Cytoskeleton

Published on: July 29, 2018

17.2K
Long-term Live-cell Imaging to Assess Cell Fate in Response to Paclitaxel
08:29

Long-term Live-cell Imaging to Assess Cell Fate in Response to Paclitaxel

Published on: May 14, 2018

10.6K

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Nuclear envelope (NE) rupture occurs in laminopathies and cancer, causing loss of nuclear compartmentalization.
  • The precise mechanisms driving NE rupture remain largely unknown.
  • Nuclear lamina defects are implicated in nuclear membrane instability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying nuclear envelope rupture in cancer cells.
  • To investigate the role of actin cytoskeleton and LINC complex in NE rupture.
  • To explore potential therapeutic strategies for inhibiting NE rupture.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized cancer cell models to study NE rupture dynamics.
  • Investigated the involvement of actin bundles and the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex.
  • Assessed the impact of actin depolymerization and mechanical constraints on NE integrity.

Main Results:

  • NE rupture in cancer cells depends on contractile actin bundles interacting with the nucleus via the LINC complex.
  • Loss of actin bundles or LINC complex reduced chromatin hernia size and number but did not fix lamina defects.
  • Inhibiting NE rupture was achieved by mechanically constraining nuclear height in cells treated with actin-depolymerizing drugs.

Conclusions:

  • NE rupture results from increased intranuclear pressure due to actin-based nucleus confinement, exacerbating pre-existing nuclear membrane weaknesses from lamina defects.
  • Targeting actin dynamics or mechanical forces offers a potential therapeutic avenue for preventing nuclear envelope rupture in cancer.