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Contextuality without nonlocality in a superconducting quantum system.

Markus Jerger1, Yarema Reshitnyk2, Markus Oppliger3

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Summary
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This study experimentally violates a noncontextuality inequality using a superconducting qutrit. It provides evidence against noncontextual realism and demonstrates the potential of superconducting circuits for quantum computation.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum mechanics
  • Foundations of quantum mechanics
  • Quantum information science

Background:

  • Classical realism posits that system properties are independent of measurement.
  • Noncontextuality requires measurement outcomes to be independent of other concurrent measurements.
  • The Bell-Kochen-Specker theorem demonstrates that noncontextual realism cannot explain quantum mechanics for a single three-level system (qutrit).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally test noncontextual realistic models using a single superconducting qutrit.
  • To address experimental loopholes that could allow for realist interpretations.
  • To demonstrate state-dependent contextuality in quantum systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a superconducting qutrit with deterministic, binary-outcome readouts.
  • Performed measurements designed to violate a noncontextuality inequality.
  • Addressed detection, individual-existence, and compatibility loopholes.

Main Results:

  • Successfully violated a noncontextuality inequality using the superconducting qutrit.
  • Provided experimental evidence for state-dependent contextuality.
  • Closed key loopholes in experimental tests of noncontextual realism.

Conclusions:

  • The experimental violation refutes noncontextual realistic models for a single qutrit.
  • Superconducting quantum circuits are suitable for fault-tolerant quantum computation.
  • This work advances scalable quantum computing using surface-code architectures.