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Spiral density waves in a young protoplanetary disk.

Laura M Pérez1, John M Carpenter2, Sean M Andrews3

  • 1Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany. lperez@mpifr-bonn.mpg.de.

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Astronomers detected spiral arms reaching the midplane of a young star's protoplanetary disk using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. These structures may indicate planet formation activity in the disk's densest region.

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Area of Science:

  • Astronomy
  • Astrophysics
  • Planetary Science

Background:

  • Spiral density waves are theorized to form in protoplanetary disks due to gravitational forces.
  • Previous observations of spiral structures in protoplanetary disks could not probe the midplane, where most of the disk mass resides and planet formation occurs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate spiral density waves in the midplane of a protoplanetary disk.
  • To determine if spiral structures can be observed reaching the disk midplane.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) for high-resolution observations.
  • Analyzed millimeter-wave emissions from the protoplanetary disk of the young star Elias 2-27.

Main Results:

  • Detected a pair of trailing, symmetric spiral arms in the Elias 2-27 protoplanetary disk.
  • Confirmed that these spiral arms extend to the disk's outer regions and are traceable down to the midplane.
  • Observed an emission gap interior to the spiral arms, closer to the central star.

Conclusions:

  • The detected spiral arms likely represent shocks from density waves propagating in the disk midplane.
  • These findings provide observational evidence of phenomena occurring in the planet-forming region of a protoplanetary disk.