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Electrospun Nanofiber Scaffolds with Gradations in Fiber Organization
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Curcumin eluting nanofibers augment osteogenesis toward phytochemical based bone tissue engineering.

Shubham Jain1, Sai Rama Krishna Meka, Kaushik Chatterjee

  • 1Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.

Biomedical Materials (Bristol, England)
|October 7, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Engineered curcumin-eluting nanofibers show promise for bone regeneration. A 1% curcumin concentration enhanced osteogenesis, while higher concentrations reduced cell proliferation, indicating a dose-dependent effect for bone tissue engineering.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

  • Curcumin, derived from Curcuma longa, possesses biological activities beneficial for bone growth.
  • Tissue scaffolds are crucial for bone tissue regeneration, and incorporating bioactive compounds can enhance their efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer curcumin-eluting poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) nanofibers.
  • To investigate the potential of these scaffolds in bone tissue regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of curcumin-loaded PCL nanofibers via electrospinning.
  • Characterization using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance.
  • In vitro drug release studies.
  • Assessment of cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts.

Main Results:

  • Nanofibers with 1 wt% and 5 wt% curcumin showed reduced average diameter compared to neat fibers.
  • Successful loading and controlled release of curcumin from PCL nanofibers were confirmed.
  • 1% curcumin loading enhanced osteogenesis, evidenced by increased alkaline phosphatase activity and mineral deposition.
  • Higher curcumin concentration (5%) reduced pre-osteoblast proliferation.

Conclusions:

  • Controlled release of curcumin from PCL nanofiber scaffolds is a viable strategy for bone tissue regeneration.
  • Optimizing curcumin concentration is critical for balancing osteogenic enhancement and cell proliferation.
  • Curcumin-eluting scaffolds hold significant potential for advancing bone defect repair.