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Yeast Signaling

Yeast Signaling

Yeasts are single-celled organisms, but unlike bacteria, they are eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus). Cell signaling in yeast is similar to signaling in other eukaryotic cells. A ligand, such as a protein or a small molecule released from a yeast cell, attaches to a receptor on the cell surface. The binding stimulates second-messenger kinases to activate or inactivate transcription factors that further regulate gene expression. Many of the yeast intracellular signaling cascades have similar...

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway

Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure...

Paracrine Signaling

Paracrine Signaling

Paracrine signaling allows cells to communicate with their immediate neighbors via secretion of signaling molecules. Such a signal can only trigger a response in nearby target cells because the signal molecules degrade quickly or are inactivated if not taken up. Prominent examples of paracrine signaling include nitric oxide signaling in blood vessels, synaptic signaling of neurons, the blood clotting system, tissue repair/wound healing, and local allergic skin reactions. Nitric oxide as a...

Types of Signaling Molecules

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In multicellular organisms, many molecules transmit signals between cells to pass information. These signals vary in complexity and include small peptides, nucleotides, steroids, fatty acid derivatives, and dissolved gases such as nitric oxide. Some signaling molecules diffuse through the plasma membrane to act locally between neighboring cells or travel long distances. Others remain attached to the cell surface, transmitting information to other cells only when they make contact. In some...

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Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...

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The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO•) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO• Signals in Single Cells

Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO•) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO• Signals in Single Cells

Published on: March 16, 2017

Nitric oxide signaling in yeast.

Rika Indri Astuti¹, Ryo Nasuno², Hiroshi Takagi³

¹Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Jln. Agathis, IPB Dramaga Campus, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia.

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

|October 11, 2016

Summary

Nitric oxide (NO) signaling in yeast is crucial for stress responses, though its mechanisms remain unclear. Understanding NO metabolism and regulation in yeast is vital for cellular functions and industrial applications.

Keywords:

Nitric oxide Nitric oxide detoxification Nitric oxide signaling Nitric oxide synthase Nitric oxide synthesis Nitrosative stress Reactive nitrogen species Saccharomyces cerevisiae Schizosaccharomyces pombe Yeast

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Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO•) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO• Signals in Single Cells

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Published on: February 25, 2016

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Cellular Biology
Microbiology

Background:

Nitric oxide (NO) is a conserved signaling molecule with critical roles in various organisms.
NO homeostasis is essential for physiological functions, as excess NO can lead to nitrosative stress.
In yeast, NO's role in stress responses is recognized, but its signaling pathways are poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To review nitric oxide (NO) metabolism, including synthesis and degradation, in yeast.
To discuss the regulation of NO and its physiological roles, particularly in oxidative stress response.
To highlight the importance of NO signaling research for understanding yeast biology and industrial applications.

Main Methods:

Literature review of NO metabolism (synthesis, degradation) in yeast.
Analysis of NO regulatory mechanisms and physiological functions.
Discussion of NO's involvement in stress responses and potential applications.

Main Results:

Yeast utilizes NO dioxygenase (NOD) and S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) for NO detoxification and redox balance.
While NO synthase (NOS) and nitrite reductase (NIR) activities are observed, the specific genes and mechanisms for NO production in yeast are not fully elucidated.
NO plays a role in yeast stress responses, including oxidative stress.

Conclusions:

Further research into NO synthesis and signaling in yeast is necessary to understand its genetic and physiological modulations.
NO signaling in yeast presents potential targets for engineering industrial yeast strains.
Investigating NO metabolism and function in yeast contributes to understanding its broader biological significance and applications.