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Influence of eccentric cyclic loading on implant components: Comparison between external joint system and internal
Kei Sakamoto1, Shinya Homma, Takuya Takanashi
1Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College.
Dental Materials Journal
|October 12, 2016
Summary
Eccentric loading affects dental implant components. External joints showed loosening with increased load and distal shifts, while internal joints experienced fractures despite stable torque.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Mechanical Engineering
- Dental Implantology
Background:
- Dental implant stability is crucial for long-term success.
- Understanding the mechanical behavior of implant components under various loading conditions is essential.
- Eccentric loading can compromise implant integrity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of eccentric loading on dental implant components.
- To measure screw loosening and component deformation under different load positions and magnitudes.
- To compare the performance of external and internal joint systems under cyclic loading.
Main Methods:
- In vitro cyclic loading tests performed on external and internal joint dental implants.
- Testing adhered to ISO 14801 specifications.
- Load positions varied (0, 4, 8 mm) and loads were applied at 100 N or 300 N, measuring reverse torque and observing component wear.
Main Results:
- External joint systems exhibited decreased reverse torque with distal load shifts and higher loads, showing abrasion and deformation.
- Internal joint systems maintained torque but displayed abrasion, deformation, and fractures at the implant/abutment connection.
- Both systems showed signs of wear on the anti-rotation device.
Conclusions:
- Eccentric loading significantly impacts dental implant component integrity, particularly external joints.
- Internal joint systems may be more resistant to torque loss but are susceptible to fracture under eccentric loads.
- Component design and loading conditions are critical factors in preventing implant failure.
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