Scientific Progress or Regress in Sports Physiology?

Area of Science:

• Scientific methodology
• Research integrity
• Biostatistics

Background:

• Modern scientific advancement is often undermined by recurring, preventable errors.
• These mistakes span from forgetting fundamental theories to experimental and publication misconduct.
• Such errors can lead to incorrect interpretations and hinder scientific progress.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify common sources of error in scientific research.
• To highlight the negative impact of these errors on scientific progress.
• To propose measures for reducing avoidable mistakes in scientific endeavors.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of common errors in scientific practice, including forgetting basic principles, erroneous theories, experimental errors, and publication bias.
• Examination of case examples, such as the misinterpretation of base excess in exercise physiology.
• Review of the roles of authors, co-authors, and peer reviewers in perpetuating or preventing errors.

Main Results:

• Key errors include forgetting foundational knowledge, incorrect application of methods, data manipulation, and biased publication of positive results.
• Misapplication of concepts like base excess can lead to incorrect scientific conclusions.
• Lack of thorough review by co-authors and peer reviewers contributes to the propagation of errors.

Conclusions:

• Scientific regress is a significant issue caused by avoidable mistakes in research and publication.
• To counteract this, investigators must thoroughly research topics and meticulously examine data.
• All collaborators and reviewers must engage in careful reading and inspection of manuscripts to uphold scientific rigor.