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Updated: Mar 13, 2026
Tracking Hypoxic Signaling within Encapsulated Cell Aggregates
Published on: December 16, 2011
Noninvasive Tracking of Alginate-Microencapsulated Cells
Genaro A Paredes-Juarez1,2, Brad P Barnett3, Jeff W M Bulte4,5,6,7,8
1Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Abstract:
This chapter presents a description of standardized techniques used routinely in our laboratory to encapsulate different cell types using the alginate-PLL-alginate immunoisolation system. Given the importance of noninvasive tracking of encapsulated cell transplants, we present a detailed guidance to achieve maximum efficiency and functionality of the capsule preparations for optimal tracking posttransplantation. The provided protocols cover tracking of encapsulated cells using magnetic resonance (MR), X-ray, computed tomography (CT), and ultrasound (US) imaging. Practical suggestions to optimize each method with specific references to recommended suppliers are included.
