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k-cones and kirigami metamaterials.

Keith A Seffen1

  • 1Advanced Structures Group Laboratory, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom.

Physical Review. E
|October 15, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Researchers created a novel foldable planar metamaterial inspired by sheet buckling. This k-cone structure, formed by pulling a slit, enables kirigami designs with a single degree of freedom.

Area of Science:

  • Metamaterials Science
  • Mechanical Engineering
  • Applied Physics

Background:

  • Thin sheets exhibit complex behaviors under tensile stress, including buckling.
  • Kirigami, the art of paper cutting and folding, offers pathways to create functional structures from planar sheets.
  • Metamaterials offer unique mechanical properties not found in natural materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel foldable planar metamaterial inspired by tensile buckling.
  • To analyze the kinematics and shape properties of a specific buckled structure (k-cone).
  • To demonstrate the tessellation of this unit cell into a larger kirigami structure with controlled degrees of freedom.

Main Methods:

  • Inspired by tensile buckling of a slit thin sheet to conceptualize a foldable metamaterial.

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  • Approximated the buckled shape (k-cone) using discrete vertices for kinematic analysis.
  • Employed a simple elastic model to calculate the shape properties of the folded structure.
  • Demonstrated tessellation of the unit cell for creating larger kirigami structures.

    • Main Results:

    • Identified a buckled shape comprising two pairs of identical e-cones connected to a slit, termed a k-cone.
    • Determined the kinematics of the k-cone structure as the slit is pulled apart.
    • Calculated generic shape properties of the folded k-cone using an elastic model.
    • Showcased the tessellation of the k-cone as a unit cell for planar kirigami.

    Conclusions:

    • The k-cone structure provides a fundamental unit for creating foldable planar metamaterials.
    • The developed model allows for the prediction and control of shape properties in kirigami designs.
    • This approach enables the construction of large-scale kirigami structures with a single, controllable degree of freedom.