Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

2.2K
NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
2.2K
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

1.6K
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
1.6K
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

1.6K
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
1.6K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

1.9K
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.9K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution01:14

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

2.5K
Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
2.5K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

1.6K
Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the involved orbitals. The...
1.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A rigorous adiabatic approach to ultracold atom-molecule collisions in a magnetic field.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2026
Same author

Leveraging Reactant Entanglement in the Coherent Control of Ultracold Bimolecular Chemical Reactions.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Rigorous quantum calculations for atom-molecule chemical reactions in electric fields: From single to multiple partial wave regimes.

The Journal of chemical physics·2025
Same author

Hyperfine-to-rotational energy transfer in ultracold atom-molecule collisions of Rb and KRb.

Nature chemistry·2025
Same author

Time-Reversal Symmetry-Protected Coherent Control of Ultracold Molecular Collisions.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2025
Same author

Machine Learning Optimization of Non-Kasha Behavior and of Transient Dynamics in Model Retinal Isomerization.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
11:21

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

7.9K

Spin-Orbit Interactions and Quantum Spin Dynamics in Cold Ion-Atom Collisions.

Timur V Tscherbul1,2, Paul Brumer1, Alexei A Buchachenko3,4

  • 1Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.

Physical Review Letters
|October 15, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Spin-orbit interaction causes hyperfine relaxation in Yb+-Rb collisions. Lighter ion-atom systems like Yb+-Li are recommended to minimize relaxation and decoherence in quantum research.

More Related Videos

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
09:00

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Published on: June 28, 2018

10.6K
Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps
11:45

Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps

Published on: August 17, 2017

15.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
11:21

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

7.9K
Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
09:00

Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser

Published on: June 28, 2018

10.6K
Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps
11:45

Experimental Methods for Trapping Ions Using Microfabricated Surface Ion Traps

Published on: August 17, 2017

15.4K

Area of Science:

  • Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
  • Quantum Information Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Hybrid ion-atom systems like Ytterbium ion (Yb+) and Rubidium (Rb) are promising for quantum applications.
  • Hyperfine relaxation is a key challenge in maintaining quantum coherence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms of hyperfine relaxation in cold Yb+-Rb collisions.
  • To provide accurate theoretical predictions for experimental validation.

Main Methods:

  • Ab initio calculations
  • Quantum scattering calculations
  • Analysis of spin-orbit interaction

Main Results:

  • Identified second-order spin-orbit (SO) interaction as the dominant cause of hyperfine relaxation.
  • Calculated relaxation rates are 4 times lower than Langevin theory predictions.
  • Observed a weak temperature dependence (T^{-0.3}) deviating from statistical behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Spin-orbit interaction significantly impacts hyperfine relaxation in Yb+-Rb systems.
  • Suggests using lighter ion-atom combinations (e.g., Yb+-Li) to minimize relaxation and decoherence.
  • Highlights the importance of understanding these interactions for advancing quantum technologies.