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Polycationic Nanofibers for Nucleic Acid Scavenging.

Jennifer G Jackman, Hemraj Juwarker, Luke P Poveromo

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University , New York, New York, United States.

Biomacromolecules
|October 15, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed nucleic acid scavenging nanofibers (NASFs) to reduce inflammation. These nanofibers effectively capture pro-inflammatory molecules, showing promise for treating inflammatory conditions and aiding wound healing in vivo.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Immunology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Dying cells release nucleic acids (NA), activating immune cells and promoting chronic inflammation.
  • Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a nanofibrous material for localized scavenging of pro-inflammatory nucleic acids.
  • To investigate the anti-inflammatory efficacy of nucleic acid scavenging nanofibers (NASFs) in vitro and in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Grafting cationic polymers (1.8 kDa bPEI) onto a nanofibrous mesh (poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride)) to create NASFs.
  • Testing NASF efficacy against NF-κB activation stimulated by various agonists (CpG, poly(I:C), Pam3CSK4) in Ramos-blue cells.
  • Evaluating NASF performance in response to damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) from doxorubicin-treated cancer cells.

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  • Assessing in vivo nucleic acid scavenging in infected wounds of diabetic mice.

    • Main Results:

    • NASFs (486 ± 9 nm diameter) effectively inhibited NF-κB response to negatively charged agonists (CpG, poly(I:C)) but not nonanionic Pam3CSK4.
    • NASFs significantly reduced NF-κB activation induced by DAMPs from dead cancer cells.
    • In vivo studies demonstrated NASFs' ability to scavenge nucleic acids in infected wounds of diabetic mice.

    Conclusions:

    • NASFs provide a simple yet effective method for localized anti-inflammation.
    • The developed nanofibers demonstrate in vitro and in vivo potential for scavenging nucleic acids and mitigating inflammation.