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Respiratory reactance in children aged three to five years with postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans is higher

Eun Lee1, Jisun Yoon2, Hyun-Ju Cho2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|October 16, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Impulse oscillometry (IOS) can help distinguish postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) from asthma in young children. Measuring respiratory resistance and reactance before and after bronchodilator use aids in diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Respiratory Physiology
  • Diagnostic Tools in Pediatrics

Background:

  • Postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) is a rare but serious condition in children.
  • Distinguishing PIBO from other obstructive airway diseases like asthma is crucial for appropriate management.
  • Impulse oscillometry (IOS) is a non-invasive method to assess lung function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare airway function using IOS in preschool children diagnosed with PIBO, asthma, and healthy controls.
  • To determine if IOS parameters can differentiate PIBO from asthma in young children.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 182 children aged 3-5 years: 12 with PIBO, 135 with asthma, and 35 nonatopic controls.
  • Respiratory resistance (Rrs5) and reactance (Xrs5) were measured using IOS before and after bronchodilator administration.
  • Statistical analysis compared IOS parameters between the three groups.

Main Results:

  • Children with PIBO exhibited significantly higher prebronchodilator Rrs5% predicted compared to both asthma and control groups.
  • Prebronchodilator Xrs5% predicted was significantly higher in children with PIBO than in asthma and control groups.
  • While bronchodilator use improved values in all groups, PIBO patients did not reach the levels of asthma and control groups, and changes in Rrs5 and Xrs5 did not differ significantly between PIBO and asthma groups.

Conclusions:

  • Measuring Rrs5 and Xrs5 with IOS before and after bronchodilator use can help differentiate PIBO from asthma in preschool-aged children.
  • This diagnostic approach is valuable for children presenting with chronic or recurrent respiratory symptoms.
  • IOS offers a promising tool for early and accurate diagnosis of PIBO in young children.
Abstract

Keywords:
AsthmaBronchodilator responseImpulse oscillometryPostinfectious bronchiolitis obliteransPreschool children

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