Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity02:57

Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscosity

34.2K
Surface Tension
The various IMFs between identical molecules of a substance are examples of cohesive forces. The molecules within a liquid are surrounded by other molecules and are attracted equally in all directions by the cohesive forces within the liquid. However, the molecules on the surface of a liquid are attracted only by about one-half as many molecules. Because of the unbalanced molecular attractions on the surface molecules, liquids contract to form a shape that minimizes the number...
34.2K
Cohesion01:07

Cohesion

60.3K
Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same type, such as water molecules. Water molecules have an overall neutral charge but are polar molecule. An oxygen atom in one water molecule has a partial negative charge that can bind to a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge in a second water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond. Each water molecule can form up to four hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for water's cohesive nature.
On a...
60.3K
Surface Tension of Fluid01:22

Surface Tension of Fluid

1.9K
Surface tension is a fundamental property of fluids, occurring at the boundary between a liquid and a gas or between two immiscible liquids. This phenomenon arises from the cohesive forces between molecules at the fluid's surface, creating an effect similar to a stretched elastic membrane. Inside each fluid, molecules are equally attracted in all directions by neighboring molecules, but surface molecules experience a net inward force, resulting in surface tension.
Surface tension varies...
1.9K
Solubility03:00

Solubility

21.8K
Solution, Solubility, and Solubility Equilibrium
A solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of a solvent, the major component, and a solute, the minor component. The physical state of a solution—solid, liquid, or gas—is typically the same as that of the solvent. Solute concentrations are often described with qualitative terms such as dilute (of relatively low concentration) and concentrated (of relatively high concentration).
In a solution, the solute particles (molecules,...
21.8K
Entropy and Solvation02:05

Entropy and Solvation

8.7K
The process of surrounding a solute with solvent is called solvation. It involves evenly distributing the solute within the solvent. The rule of thumb for determining a solvent for a given compound is that like dissolves like. A good solvent has molecular characteristics similar to those of the compound to be dissolved. For example, polar solutions dissolve polar solutes, and apolar solvents dissolve apolar solutes. A polar solvent is a solvent that has a high dielectric constant (ϵ...
8.7K
Aquaporins01:25

Aquaporins

6.8K
Aquaporins or AQPs are a family of integral membrane proteins whose primary function is to transport water, while some called aquaglyceroporins also transport glycerol. In addition, aquaporins have also been suspected to be involved in transporting volatile substances, such as carbon dioxide and ammonia, across membranes. Such AQPs that act as gas channels are often highly expressed in cells involved in the gaseous exchange, such as red blood cells, epithelial cells, and pulmonary capillaries.
6.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Tuning the Wettability of Hydrophobic Metal-Organic Frameworks by Linker-Doping.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Structural mechanisms of allosteric regulation in the human cis-prenyltransferase complex.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Lipid-mediated hydrophobic gating in the BK potassium channel.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Inherent structural descriptors via machine learning.

Reports on progress in physics. Physical Society (Great Britain)·2025
Same author

Gold Clusters on Graphene/Graphite-Structure and Energy Landscape.

Small science·2025
Same author

Hybridization of colloidal handlebodies with singular defects and topological solitons in chiral liquid crystals.

Soft matter·2025
Same journal

Nanopore sequencing with proteins: synchronization and dischronization of molecular dynamics simulations with laboratory and industrial developments.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Catanionics from biosurfactants and regular surfactants: miscibility and structure.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Adhesives with a thickness smaller than the fractocohesive length enhance adhesion.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Non-equilibrium phase transitions in hybrid Voronoi models of cell colonies.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Effects of methoxy substituents on self-assembly and gelation performance of benzamide-based organogelators.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Rheology of <i>Escherichia coli</i> suspensions with various bacterial morphologies and motion characteristics.

Soft matter·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Metal Surfaces for Anti-Icing Applications
11:20

Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Metal Surfaces for Anti-Icing Applications

Published on: August 15, 2018

9.1K

Perpetual superhydrophobicity.

Alberto Giacomello1, Lothar Schimmele2, Siegfried Dietrich3

  • 1Sapienza Università di Roma, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale, 00184 Rome, Italy. alberto.giacomello@uniroma1.it and Max-Planck-Institut für Intelligente Systeme, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany. miko@mf.mpg.de.

Soft Matter
|October 18, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Superhydrophobic surfaces can achieve a stable suspended state. Nanogroove width below 7 nm prevents collapse to the Wenzel state, enabling perpetual superhydrophobicity passively.

More Related Videos

Rendering SiO2/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars
08:02

Rendering SiO2/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars

Published on: February 11, 2020

9.4K
Fabricating Superhydrophobic Polymeric Materials for Biomedical Applications
09:22

Fabricating Superhydrophobic Polymeric Materials for Biomedical Applications

Published on: August 28, 2015

19.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 13, 2026

Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Metal Surfaces for Anti-Icing Applications
11:20

Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Metal Surfaces for Anti-Icing Applications

Published on: August 15, 2018

9.1K
Rendering SiO2/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars
08:02

Rendering SiO2/Si Surfaces Omniphobic by Carving Gas-Entrapping Microtextures Comprising Reentrant and Doubly Reentrant Cavities or Pillars

Published on: February 11, 2020

9.4K
Fabricating Superhydrophobic Polymeric Materials for Biomedical Applications
09:22

Fabricating Superhydrophobic Polymeric Materials for Biomedical Applications

Published on: August 28, 2015

19.8K

Area of Science:

  • Surface science
  • Materials science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Superhydrophobic surfaces exhibit a suspended state (Cassie-Baxter) where liquid contacts only surface peaks, leaving vapor in valleys.
  • This state is thermodynamically fragile and can collapse to a fully wet Wenzel state under perturbation.
  • Restoring the Cassie-Baxter state requires energy input to re-nucleate vapor.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the Cassie-Baxter to Wenzel state transition and its reversal.
  • Explore conditions for achieving a stable, perpetual superhydrophobic state.
  • Examine the role of nanostructure geometry and hierarchical designs.

Main Methods:

  • Microscopic classical density functional theory (DFT).
  • Simulation of liquid droplet behavior on nanostructured hydrophobic surfaces.
  • Analysis of thermodynamic stability across different pressures and geometries.

Main Results:

  • Identified a critical nanogroove width (approx. 7 nm) below which the Wenzel state is thermodynamically unstable.
  • Demonstrated that grooves narrower than this threshold passively maintain the Cassie-Baxter state.
  • Showed that hierarchical structures can extend perpetual superhydrophobicity to larger, micron-sized textures.

Conclusions:

  • Passive perpetual superhydrophobicity is achievable by controlling nanostructure dimensions.
  • Nanoscale groove width is a critical parameter for surface stability.
  • Hierarchical structuring offers a pathway to robust superhydrophobic surfaces at larger scales.